习近平：新时代的领路人文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
Profile: Xi Jinping and His Era文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
2017年10月18日上午，习近平站在人民大会堂万人大礼堂的讲台前作中共十九大报告，历时近3个半小时。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
On the morning of Oct. 18, Xi Jinping, standing behind a lectern in the Great Hall of the People, delivered a report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC).文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
这是多年来中共党代会最重大的政治报告，达3.2万字。习近平用洪亮的声音一气呵成，赢得全场70余次掌声。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
The 32,000-character report, the most significant of its kind in recent decades, drew more than 70 rounds of applause from delegates.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/4066.html
他宣告：“经过长期努力，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代，这是我国发展新的历史方位。”
In the report, Xi said socialism with Chinese characteristics had crossed the threshold into a new era.
“This is a new historic juncture in China’s development,” he stated.
这份报告被译成10种外语，并专门请来外籍专家为译文把关。专家们几乎都用“强有力”这个词语来描述习近平的报告。俄罗斯专家奥莉加·米古诺娃说：“我第一眼就被它吸引住，从早上8点看到半夜，忘记了吃午饭和晚饭。”
The report has been translated into 10 foreign languages. Most of the translators and foreign linguists involved used the word “powerful” to describe their first impressions.
“I was absorbed the first time I read it. I read from morning till midnight, even forgetting to have meals,” said linguist Olga Migunova from Russia.
中国问题专家罗伯特·库恩在听了报告后说：“作为中国共产党的核心，习近平把中国带到了新的历史起点上。”
U.S. expert on China studies and chairman of the Kuhn Foundation, Robert Lawrence Kuhn, said that with this political report and the congress, Xi, who is the core of the CPC Central Committee and of the whole Party, sees China as standing at a new historic starting point.
25日，在中共十九届一中全会上，习近平再次当选中共中央总书记，体现了中共全党的意愿。国内外媒体把他描述为一个使中国由富变强的领袖。1949年，毛泽东领导中国人民从“三座大山”的压迫下站了起来。1978年，邓小平提出改革开放，中国人民走上了由穷变富的征程。
At the first plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee on Oct. 25, Xi was re-elected general secretary of the CPC Central Committee for a second term, a reflection of the will of the entire CPC. Media and observers, at home and abroad, see Xi as the right man to lead China from being “better-off” into a great modern country.
In 1949, Mao Zedong announced the founding of the People’s Republic of China, marking the end to a century of humiliation at the hands of foreign aggressors.
Deng Xiaoping, who put forward the reform and opening-up policy, then paved the way for the nation to become rich.
开始第二个5年任期的习近平带领他的执政团队同中外记者见面时说，中共十九大到二十大的5年，正处在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的历史交汇期，第一个百年奋斗目标要实现，第二个百年奋斗目标要开篇。“我们一定恪尽职守、勤勉工作、不辱使命、不负重托……新时代要有新气象，更要有新作为。”中国共产党“要永葆蓬勃朝气，永远做人民公仆、时代先锋、民族脊梁”。
The coming five years between the 19th and the 20th Party Congress is the period in which the timeframes of the Two Centenary Goals will converge, Xi said when presenting the new CPC central leadership to the press.
“Not only must we deliver the first centenary goal, we must also embark on the journey toward the second,” he said, promising to work diligently to “meet our duty, fulfill our mission and be worthy of CPC members’ trust.”
He stressed that Chinese Communists “must always have a youthful spirit, and forever be the servants of the people, the vanguard of the times and the backbone of our nation.”
一、开创性的领导人
A Man Who Makes Things Happen
5年前，在新闻中有“社交媒体时代的首位中共掌舵人”之称的习近平首次同记者见面。英国《金融时报》网站的记者报道：“习近平入场了。在十几分钟内，即将在未来10年领导世界上人口最多国家的他透露了他的议程。简单地说，就是让中国重新变得伟大，解决人民的不满，根除腐败。习近平使用了容易被非党员理解的简单语言。”
Five years ago, Xi, referred to by media as the first CPC chief of the social-media era, led the newly-elected members of the Standing Committee of the 18th CPC Central Committee Political Bureau to meet the press.
“In just a few minutes, the man who will lead the world’s most populous nation for the next 10 years laid out his agenda. In short: to make the Chinese nation great again, address the grievances of the people and root out corruption.... Mr. Xi used simple language easily understood by non-Party members,” said the Financial Times.
波士顿大学中国政治专家约瑟夫·菲尤史密斯说：“他似乎的确拥有迅速开始行动并创新的个性和政治能力。”但更多媒体表示还要“等等看”。而5年来，全世界都看到了习近平是如何来真格的。
“He does seem to have the personality and political strength to start quickly and out of the box,” the report quoted expert on Chinese politics at Boston University Joseph Fewsmith as saying.
While praising his relaxed and confident demeanor, five years ago many took a wait-and-see attitude, as the new Chinese leader faced a plethora of headaches: a slowing economy, a widening wealth gap, corruption, and environmental woes.
“历史性变革”这个词如今被用来形容1800多天里发生的变化。另一句概括性的话是“解决了许多长期想解决而没有解决的难题，办成了许多过去想办而没有办成的大事”—出台360个重大改革方案、1500多项改革措施，基本确立主要领域改革主体框架；
掀起“反腐风暴”，拿下440名省军级以上党员干部和其他中管干部，处分150多万人，追回外逃人员3400多人；
全面反对形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风，8900多万名党员队伍变得更加纯洁、更强有力；
改革国防，重塑军队，200万中国武装力量从思想作风、组织架构到武器装备焕然一新；
中国经济在2013年至2016年年均增长7.2%，远远高于同期世界的2.5%，继续成为拉动世界经济的第一引擎；
贫困人口减少6000多万，相当于欧洲一个大国的人口；
人民收入增幅超GDP增幅，公众感到生活在中国更安全、更舒适；
实施全面两孩政策，改善中国人口结构；
大幅投资科技，空间实验室、深潜器、射电望远镜、量子卫星、大飞机、超级计算机等并行赶超，引发国人自豪感；
发起史上最大规模污染治理之战，建立最严格的生态环境保护制度，全力推动生态环境督察，大批官员因环保不力受处分；
实现两岸领导人首次会面，挫败香港少数人非法“占中”企图；
实现钓鱼岛领海日常巡航，推进南海岛礁建设，“南海仲裁”成为一张废纸；
动用海陆空力量，成功完成多次海外“大撤侨”；
人民币“入篮”，国际化步伐显著加快；
同俄美等发展新型大国关系，带动发展中国家新兴力量崛起，推动全球治理；
“一带一路”和“构建人类命运共同体”写入联合国文件，中国加入应对气候变化的《巴黎协定》；
……
The waiting and seeing is now well and truly over. Already some speak of “historic change” when describing what happened in the ensuing 1,800-odd days.
A total of 360 major reform plans were put forward and over 1,500 reform measures launched, establishing a general framework for reform in major fields and lending greater impetus to growth.
The economy expanded at an average annual rate of 7.2 percent between 2013 and 2016, outstripping the 2.5-percent average global growth.
More than 60 million people have bid goodbye to poverty.
Hundreds of officials at or above provincial or corps level have been investigated for corruption and a campaign targeting undesirable working styles has ensured that the Party with over 89 million members stayed pure and grew stronger.
The two million-strong Chinese military has reshaped its way of thinking and work style, organizational form and armament.
The “strictest environmental protection system” was put in place and numbers of officials were punished for insufficient work in this regard.
Moreover, the country made major progress in scientific and technological fields, seeing successes with a space lab, submersible, radio telescope and quantum satellite.
For the first time in over six decades, leaders across the Taiwan Strait met in person.
China is developing a new type of relations between major countries with the United States and Russia.
The Chinese currency, the renminbi or yuan, joined the IMF Special Drawing Right (SDR) basket. A proposal regarding a community with a shared future for mankind and the Belt and Road Initiative were incorporated into UN documents.
做成这些事情的复杂难度可想而知。5年前，习近平刚亮相时，除了他亲和、自信、从容的谈吐之外，外媒更关注的就是他面临的经济增长放缓、腐败、环境污染、贫富差距、党的威信降低等各方面的挑战和危机。
None of these were easy, but Xi and his colleagues have made things happen, with Xi’s unshakable will and commitment crucial to the cause.
习近平一往无前的决心和担当起了关键作用。他在中共中央政治局民主生活会上那些意志坚定而极具个性的话语直抵人心：“党和人民需要我们献身的时候，我们都要毫不犹豫挺身而出，把个人生死置之度外。我们都做不到，让谁去做？”
“If the Party and people need us to devote ourselves, we shall do it with no hesitation... If we cannot do it, then how can we ask others to do it?” Xi once said at a meeting attended by members of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau.
以上变化仅仅是习近平第一个5年任期中出现的。接下来还会发生什么激动人心的事情？这正是全世界对中共十九大高度关注的原因。
习近平的最新施政纲领让人耳目一新：在2020年全面建成小康社会后，再奋斗“两个15年”，到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化，到本世纪中叶建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。
Xi’s roadmap for China’s future is inspiring: a two-step approach to becoming a “great modern socialist country,” once a moderately prosperous society in all respects is established by 2020. Socialist modernization will be basically realized from 2020 to 2035. From 2035 to the middle of the century, China will become a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious and beautiful.
这表明，习近平将带领中国提前完成“基本实现现代化”的目标，并提出更高现代化目标。之前的中共党代会曾提出，到本世纪中叶“基本实现现代化”。
这将创造人类历史上第一个10亿以上人口共同迈入现代化的奇迹。中国将历史性地摆脱绝对贫困并走向共同富裕，经济总量将成为世界第一，是生机勃勃的世界第一大市场。这样的新时代让人憧憬，乃是中华民族自1840年鸦片战争以后旦夕所盼。
By then, China will be a global leader in terms of composite national strength and international influence. Prosperity for everyone will be basically achieved, a prospect that the Chinese nation has been longing for since the Opium War (1840-1842).
作为站在时代交汇点上的领导人，习近平当仁不让地成为带领中国实现伟大梦想的掌舵者。
At this point, Xi is the unrivalled helmsman who will steer China toward this great dream.
《时代》周刊把习近平评为年度影响世界的百人之一。他被媒体描述为“精力充沛”“雄心勃勃”“头脑清醒”，既有“钢铁意志”又具“侠骨柔肠”，“稳健而自信”“具有开创性”。美国前总统国家安全事务助理布热津斯基称他“睿智而有远见”，“对国际和国内问题都有着良好的判断”。俄罗斯学者尤里·塔夫罗夫斯基评价他是“有极高才智的人，有坚定信念的人，担当现在和创造未来的人”。
Xi has been described by the media as “energetic,” “ambitious,” “sober-minded,” and a “pathfinder.”
哈佛大学肯尼迪政府管理学院艾什中心对世界主要国家领导人形象的全球公众调查结果显示，在受访者对10国领导人认可度以及对本国领导人正确处理国内及国际事务信心度方面，习近平都排在第一。
He received the highest rating among 10 world leaders in a survey published by the Harvard Kennedy School’s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation. He also topped the domestic ratings that respondents gave to their own leaders.
中共十九大开幕后，《日本经济新闻》说，习近平描绘出了今后约30年的国家蓝图，向国内外释放了信号。他有望为中国夺回世界强国地位的伟业开辟道路。
A Nikkei report on Oct. 19 said Xi had drawn up the blueprint for the country’s development over the next 30 or so years and was expected to ensure that China regains its status as a global power.
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