日本三得利公司总裁新浪刚史：我们知道中国政府多年来一直在加强知识产权的保护，但是还有一些公司认为他们的知识产权受到了侵犯。在您看来，如何在制度和法律层面切实落实知识产权保护？在未来将有哪些具体的措施？
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
Takeshi Niinami, President of Suntory Holdings: While China has strengthened IPR protection over the years, there are still some companies facing IPR infringement. In your opinion, how to effectively protect IPR both institutionally and legislatively? What specific measures will be taken in the future?文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
李克强：你提的问题的要害是在中国扩大开放、吸引外资的过程中要保护知识产权，这是中国一贯遵循的方针。这不仅是为了吸引外资，而且也是因为中国自身需要创新发展。不保护知识产权，中国经济转型升级、中国产业由中低端迈向中高端几乎没有可能，这是我们自身利益的需要，也符合国际规则。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
Premier Li: In your question, you underscored the need for China to strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the process of expanding reform and opening-up and attracting foreign investment. As a matter of fact, protecting IPR is our consistent policy. We are doing this not just for the sake of attracting foreign investment but also to serve our own needs of promoting innovation-driven development. Without proper IPR protection, it would be almost impossible for us to achieve economic transformation and upgrading and move from the medium-low to the medium-high level of industrial development. This is something we must do as it serves our own interests and conforms to international rules.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
中国在不断加大保护知识产权的力度和惩罚侵权行为的力度。过去5年我们查办的侵权案件就有140多万件，以后还会继续加大惩罚的力度和罚金的倍数。要让侵权的人一旦犯法终身难逃，让他们在这个领域，甚至在整个市场上难以立足。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
While strengthening IPR protection, China has toughened punishment for acts of infringement. In the past 5 years, more than 1.4 million cases of infringement were investigated and handled. Going forward, we will mete out even more severe punishment and impose even bigger fines, so that violators will face crippling penalties and find it hard to survive in their business sectors and even in the whole marketplace.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5871.html
我们当初发展市场经济的时候就清楚地认识到，产权是市场经济的基础。现在我们发展创新型经济，知识产权更是发展的基础，它必须成为全社会共同的理念。
When we started to develop the market economy, we understood that property rights are the very foundation of a market economy. Likewise, protecting IPR is fundamental to the development of our innovation-driven economy. Such an understanding must be the consensus of the whole society.
这个问题我已经说过多次了，而且我在和很多外国企业家见面的时候都请他们提出来，有哪些被侵犯知识产权的案件可以直接向我提出来，或者向我们政府部门提出来。但是可能因为有各种原因，他们在现场没有提。你刚才讲了，在下面有听到一些反映，我希望你们大胆地说出来。政府部门如果处理不当，将会被问责。这件事说一尺不如行一寸。我希望，也相信你能看到，中国在保护知识产权问题上正在不断地采取更加严格的制度和有效的行动。当然，也要各方共同努力。
I have made this clear on many occasions. During meetings with foreign business leaders, I often ask them to report cases of IPR infringements directly to me or to the relevant departments. But for various reasons, they would normally not raise such issues during meetings with me. As you just pointed out, there are still some complaints in this area. I would again encourage all of you to speak up. Mishandling of complaints on the part of competent government departments would be dealt with.
On this matter, talking the talk is not as good as walking the walk. I hope and I trust that you can see China’s redoubled efforts to build a more rigorous and effective regime of IPR protection. Naturally, cooperation with various parties would be helpful.
当然，公平、公正地进行知识产权的交易，这是符合市场规则的，世界各国都有共同的理念。像去年中国有关企业支付的外国专利许可费和技术使用费在世界居前列，可能以后还会增加，但是我们绝不允许强制转让知识产权。
On the other hand, just like other countries, we support fair and equitable IPR transactions based on market rules. Royalties for patents and technologies paid by Chinese companies to overseas proprietors ranked high in the world last year, and may increase further in the future. Forced IPR transfer will never be allowed in China.
日本国际航业集团董事长兼总裁吴文绣：我的问题是，今年3月您在“两会”上谈到要进一步减轻企业税负。7月初，全国各市级国税局、地税局合并，标志着国税地税征管体制改革顺利向纵深推进，这一举措能够促进自由竞争。未来中国政府还将出台哪些措施来持续推进税收改革，切实降低企业负担？
Sandra Wu, Chairperson and President of Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd: My question is about tax reform. During the “Two Sessions” in March, you mentioned further tax relief. And in early July, we witnessed the merge of state and local taxation bureaus, which strongly indicated smooth progress of China’s tax reform to promote free competition. And so in the future, what other measures will the Chinese government take to make sure this reform will move forward and lessen the burden on enterprises?
李克强：你对中国的情况比较了解。的确，在前几年经济下行压力比较大、而且财政收入下行的情况下，我们下决心实施了大规模的减税，主要是取消了实施60年的营业税，对增值税的税率也进行了调整，同时减轻中小企业的税负，鼓励企业研发，这些措施可以说取得了效果。
Premier Li: You seem to know quite a lot about what is happening in China. A few years ago, faced with considerable downward pressure on the economy and declining fiscal revenues, the Chinese government made the decision to substantially cut taxes. We abolished the business tax that had been in place for sixty years and adjusted the value added tax (VAT) rate to reduce tax burdens on small and medium-sized enterprises and encourage corporate R&D spending. These measures have paid off.
去年下半年到今年上半年，中国的税收出现一定幅度的增长，甚至超过GDP增速。这里我想说明，这是因为一段时间以来，中国经济稳中向好，今年上半年工业企业的利润超过15%，我们又推动“放管服”改革，促进新增企业大幅增长，平均每月增加税源约20万户，这就出现了一段时间中国的税收较快增长的情况。但我们关注的重点是减税的措施到位了没有。
From the second half of last year to the first half of this year, tax revenues have increased notably and grown faster than GDP. This is mainly because of China’s steady economic performance, which has contributed to an over 15% increase in the profits of industrial companies in the first half of this year. What’s more, thanks to our reform of transforming government functions, our tax source has been expanding at a rate of 200,000 newly registered market entities every month. These factors have largely contributed to the fast increase in fiscal revenue. Given all this, our priority remains to ensure the effective delivery of tax reduction measures on the ground.
进入下半年以来，中国从中央到地方的税收都有比较大幅度的下行，其主要原因在于5月1日我们进一步推出了增值税和有关方面的减税措施。
In the second half of this year, we are seeing significant decreases in both central and local government revenues as a result of further cuts in VAT and other taxes which became effective on 1 May.
下一步，面对错综复杂的国际形势和国内发展面临的困难挑战，我们将要实施更大规模的减税和更为明显的降费。增值税的税率还要继续下降，个税专项附加扣除要既公平又简便地抓紧落实到居民的身上，以增加他们的消费能力。与此同时，税务部门代征社保费，这是一个机构和体制改革的措施，但是税和费是不同的两个概念。我们现在要求的是在当前的情况下确保社保费现有征收政策稳定，不得集中清欠。实行新的征管体制以后，收费效率可能会增加，那与此同时，就必须明显降低社保费的费率，其目的就是不但不能增加企业的负担，还要减轻企业的负担。政府要过紧日子，不能去为难企业，这样才能让人民过上好日子。
In view of the complicated international situation and internal challenges facing China’s development, we will enact more significant cuts in taxes and fees, including further lowering the VAT rate and implementing the personal income tax deduction scheme in a fair and expeditious way to boost household spending. As a further step of institutional reform, we will transfer the responsibility for collecting social security contributions to the taxation authorities. As taxes and contributions are two different levies, existing policies on the collection of contributions will remain unchanged for the time being, and forced payments of contributions arrears will not be allowed.
Given that the aforementioned institutional reform may lead to more efficient collection of social security contributions, we will consider meaningfully lowering the contribution rate, so that this reform will not add to business burdens, as this would be just the opposite of our intentions. The government should tighten its belt rather than shift the burdens onto businesses. Only in this way can we deliver a better life for our people.
在中国注册的所有企业，不论是外资、民资，对各类所有制企业，我们都一视同仁，简政、减税、减费的措施对你们是公平对待的，如果有不公平你们可以投诉。
Let me stress that all enterprises registered in China, be they foreign-invested, privately-invested or of any ownership types, will receive fair treatment in benefiting from administrative rollback and tax and fee cuts. If you encounter any case of unfair treatment, please feel free to file complaints.
美国Aura Biosciences首席执行官伊丽莎白·德洛斯·皮诺斯·蓬特：近年来，中国政府陆续出台了若干推动创新创业的指导意见，这表明了中国政府对创新驱动发展战略的高度重视。请问有关推动创新创业工作的最新进展如何？国际工商界应如何更好地参与中国的创新趋势，并为中国经济发展和转型提供新动能？
Elisabet de los Pinos, Founder and CEO of Aura Biosciences: The Chinese government has set out the guidelines for innovation and entrepreneurship, which lay out the importance of innovation in the development strategy. So we are interested to know what is the progress in these programs, and more importantly, how the international business community can better address and participate in this process.
李克强：中国推动经济发展，培育新的发展动能，就要由创新来引导。这几年来，中国政府在这方面做了大量的、实际的、有效的工作。比如我们推动大众创业万众创新，实施简政放权等有关改革，促进了新市场主体的大量诞生，由原来每天新注册上千户企业，到今年的8月份每天有1.8万家新注册的企业诞生。中国已经成为一个有1亿以上市场主体的国家。
Premier Li: Innovation lies at the center of our efforts to promote economic development and foster new growth drivers. Over recent years, we have made enormous efforts in this area with effective results. For example, we have promoted the mass entrepreneurship and innovation campaign and introduced reform of government functions. These efforts have resulted in a surge of new market entities, with the number of companies registered on an average day increasing from over 1,000 to 18,000 in August this year. And the number of business entities in China has exceeded 100 million.
中国推动大众创业万众创新，基于这样一个理念，就是每个人都有创新的能力，都有创造的可能。如果13亿多中国人、9亿多劳动力，每个人的创造热情都能被调动起来，可想而知，这个社会将会有多大的创造能力。这次论坛的主题是“在第四次工业革命中打造创新型社会”，我想创新型社会就是应该调动每个人创造的潜能。
The nationwide entrepreneurship and innovation drive in China originated from the belief that everyone has the capability and opportunity to make innovations. If each of the 1.3 billion Chinese and every member of our 900-million-strong labor force can be incentivized to innovate, we can well imagine how powerful this wave of innovation will be. To quote the theme of this year’s Annual Meeting, “Shaping Innovative Societies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution”, I believe an innovative society is one which taps into the creativity of every individual.
第二，创新就应该给每个人以创新的平等机会。我们采取一系列“放管服”的措施，就是要让每个人都有平等的机会去创新，这会改变许许多多人的命运。我们说的效率和公平，在这个方面就可以比较充分地体现出来。
Second, in promoting innovation, we need to create equal opportunities for every individual. We are advancing the reform to streamline administration, delegate powers, strengthen compliance oversight and improve government services. All these are aimed to allow every individual an equal opportunity to make innovations, which will help to make a big difference in the lives of many and to better achieve efficiency and fairness.
第三，创新是全球性的，它是在全球化大背景下的创新。中国愿意以开放的心态去面向世界，也希望在座的各位，希望外国的企业家、科学家，各方面的人士以开放的心态来参与中国的发展，这实际上是共同推进人类的发展和进步。我再次重申，我们一定会严格地保护知识产权，创新是要有创新思维的，是有知识产权的。
Third, innovation is taking place against the backdrop of globalization. As China embraces the world with open arms, we also welcome entrepreneurs, scientists and people in other sectors around the world to participate in China’s development with an open mind, so that together, we can make joint contributions to the progress of humanity. Let me reassure you that China is firmly committed to protecting IPR, as we know that innovation is supported by ideas, which generates property rights.
你们来到中国，中国会有大量的、甚至亿万的创新者和你们同行。我们的“互联网+”集众智、汇众力已经成为一个普遍的现象。也相信你们的创新火花会和中国的创新者们碰撞。你们作为企业家，可以获得经济效益，相信也都有事业的追求。欢迎你们在中国创新竞争当中实现你们事业追求的目标。
Here in China, you will see that hundreds of millions of people have pooled their wisdom and strengths to engage in innovation empowered by the Internet Plus model. I believe that your interactions with innovators in China will give rise to brilliant new inspirations. As entrepreneurs, you need to make profits, but I trust you also have your own career goals to pursue. I hope that your participation in China’s innovation drive will help realize your goals.
