三、宗教文化受到尊重和保护
III. Respecting and Protecting Religious Culture 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
新疆历来是多种宗教并存地区，宗教文化丰富多样，是中国传统文化的组成部分。中国政府保障公民宗教信仰自由权利，尊重和保护宗教文化。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
Since antiquity Xinjiang has seen the coexistence of a variety of religions, whose rich cultures have become part of traditional Chinese culture. China’s government is committed to protecting its citizens’ freedom of religious belief while respecting and protecting religious cultures. 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
多种宗教文化交融共存。新疆历来是多种宗教传播的重要地区，是宗教文化的汇聚之地。新疆最初流行原始宗教、萨满教。公元前4世纪起，随着祆教、佛教等相继传入，逐步形成多种宗教并存的格局。后来，道教、摩尼教、景教、伊斯兰教等先后传入，多种宗教并存的格局不断发展演变。一教或两教为主、多教并存是新疆宗教格局的历史特点。多种宗教文化长期交融共存，互相借鉴，并在适应中国社会发展过程中调整变化。目前，新疆有伊斯兰教、佛教、基督教、天主教、道教等。萨满教和祆教的元素遗留至今，并且以生活习俗的形式表现出来。佛教文化影响深远，在喀什、哈密、伊犁等地，仍可见到佛龛、莲花图案、莲花宝座等遗存。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
Many religious cultures blend and coexist. Xinjiang has long been a region where multiple religions are practiced and their cultures have met and blended. Primitive religion and Shamanism were practiced in Xinjiang before Zoroastrianism, Buddhism and other faiths were introduced into the region from the 4th century BC onward. Gradually, there came into being a network of coexisting religions. This network further evolved with the introduction of Taoism, Manichaeism, Nestorianism, and Islam. A coexistence of multiple religions, with one or two predominant, was a basic characteristic of Xinjiang’s religious history. During their lengthy coexistence and interaction, the religious cultures in the region learned from one another and adapted to China’s social development. At present, the major religions in Xinjiang are Islam, Buddhism, Protestant and Catholic Christianity, and Taoism. Certain Shamanistic and Zoroastrian elements can still be observed in local customs today. The remains of Buddha niches, lotus patterns, and lotus seat sculptures in Kashgar, Hami, and Ili testify to the once widespread influence of Buddhism in the region.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6106.html
宗教典籍文献依法出版发行。国家以多种语言文字翻译出版发行伊斯兰教、佛教、基督教等宗教典籍文献，满足各族信教公民的多样化需求。新疆已翻译出版发行汉、维吾尔、哈萨克、柯尔克孜等多种文字的《古兰经》《布哈里圣训实录精华》等宗教经典书籍，编辑发行汉、维吾尔两种文字的《卧尔兹演讲集》系列。开办汉、维吾尔两种语言文字的新疆穆斯林网站。整理出版《金光明经卷二》《弥勒会见记》等宗教古籍文献。在专营宗教书刊的销售点，可以购买《古兰经》《圣经》《金光明经》等各种宗教典籍。
Religious texts are published and distributed in accordance with the law. The state has translated, published and distributed Islamic, Buddhist, Protestant, and other religious texts to meet the diverse demand of religious believers. The Koran and Irshad al-Sari li Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari have been published in Chinese, Uygur, Kazak and Kirgiz languages. The New Collection of al-Wa’z Speeches series have been compiled and published in both Chinese and Uygur languages. A website (www.xjmuslim.com) available in both Chinese and Uygur languages was set up for Xinjiang’s Muslim community. Ancient religious books, including Volume II of the Golden Light Sutra (Suvarnaprabhasa Sutra) and Maitrisimit Nom Bitig, have been published. Important scriptures such as the Koran, Bible, and Golden Light Sutra are available at stores specializing in selling religious publications.
宗教文化遗产得到有效保护。目前，新疆有喀什艾提尕尔清真寺、昭苏圣佑庙、克孜尔千佛洞等109处宗教文化古迹被列入全国重点文物保护单位和自治区级文物保护单位。其中，全国重点文物保护单位46处，自治区级文物保护单位63处。中央政府拨专款对列入国家和新疆文物保护单位的克孜尔千佛洞、柏孜克里克石窟、喀什艾提尕尔清真寺等进行修缮。新疆出资维修吐鲁番苏公塔、昭苏圣佑庙、乌鲁木齐红庙子道观等28处宗教建筑（场所）。涉及宗教的非物质文化遗产也得到了保护和传承。
Religious heritages are effectively protected. A total of 109 religious sites in Xinjiang, including Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar, Shengyou Lamasery in Zhaosu, and the Kizil Thousand-Buddha Caves have been designated as major cultural heritage sites under the protection of the autonomous region and the state. Among the 109 sites, 46 are key cultural heritage sites under the protection of the state and 63 are under the protection of the autonomous region. The central government has allocated special funds to renovate cultural heritage protection sites at the state and autonomous-region levels, including the Kizil Thousand-Buddha Caves, Bezkilik Grottoes, and Id Kah Mosque. Xinjiang has funded the repair of 28 religious venues, including the Emin Minaret in Turpan, Shengyou Lamasery in Zhaosu, and Red Temple (Taoist) in Urumqi. Elements of intangible cultural heritage relating to religion are also effectively protected and passed on.
坚持宗教中国化方向。同所在社会相适应是宗教生存发展的规律。在中华文化兼容并蓄、求同存异、和而不同思想影响下，佛教等外来宗教都经历了中国化、本土化过程。佛教传入新疆后，主动适应社会发展、融入主流文化，对新疆历史和文化产生了深远影响。伊斯兰教传入新疆后沿着中国化方向发展，经过长期与当地传统信仰和文化融合，逐渐成为中华文化的一部分，并表现出地域特征和民族特色。天主教的独立自主、自办教会，基督教的自传、自治、自养等，都为实现宗教中国化作出了积极努力。新疆坚持宗教中国化的历史传统，积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应，支持宗教界深入挖掘教义教规中有利于社会和谐、时代发展、健康文明的内容，对教义教规作出符合当代中国发展进步、符合中华优秀传统文化的阐释，引导各种宗教坚持中国化方向。
Religions adapt to China’s realities. Adapting to local society is essential for the survival and development of any religion. With influence from such Chinese cultural traditions as being inclusive, seeking common ground while reserving differences, and pursuing harmony without uniformity, Buddhism and other foreign religions have all directed their efforts to localization after entering China. After Buddhism was introduced into Xinjiang, it has exerted a far-reaching influence on Xinjiang’s history and culture through proactive adaptation to local social norms and integration into the mainstream culture. Through extended fusion with local faiths and traditions, Islam gradually became part of Chinese culture and developed distinct regional and local ethnic features. The Catholic Church’s principles of independence and self-management of its religious affairs, and Protestantism’s compliance with the principles of self-propagation, self-governance, and self-support facilitated their adaptation to conditions in China. Xinjiang upholds the tradition of religious localization and provides guidance to religions on adaptation to China’s socialist system. Religious circles in Xinjiang are encouraged to promote social harmony and development as well as cultural progress with the aid of religious doctrines and rules, and elaborate on the doctrines and rules that contribute to China’s development and conform to China’s traditions.
