二、恐怖主义、极端主义在新疆的由来
II. The Origin of Terrorism and Extremism in Xinjiang文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
分裂主义是新疆恐怖主义、极端主义产生的温床。长期以来，恐怖势力与极端势力大肆歪曲、编造、篡改新疆历史，夸大民族间的文化差异，煽动民族隔阂和仇恨，鼓吹宗教极端，为实施分裂活动大造声势。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
Separatism is the hotbed in which terrorism and extremism take root in Xinjiang. For a long time, terrorist and extremist forces have been beating the drum for separatist activities by distorting, fabricating and falsifying the history of Xinjiang, exaggerating the cultural differences between ethnic groups, instigating isolation and hatred, and advocating religious extremism.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
19世纪末20世纪初，境内外狂热的分裂分子与宗教极端分子，利用老殖民主义者炮制的一整套所谓的“泛突厥主义”“泛伊斯兰主义”理论，妄称维吾尔人是新疆唯一的“主人”，新疆各民族文化不是中华文化，伊斯兰教是新疆地区各民族唯一信仰的宗教等；鼓噪所有操突厥语和信奉伊斯兰教的民族联合起来，组成一个“政教合一”的国家，建立“东突厥斯坦”；否认中国各民族共同缔造伟大祖国的历史，叫嚣“要反对突厥民族以外的一切民族”，消灭“异教徒”。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
At the turn of the 20th century, separatists and religious extremists in and outside China, inheriting the so-called theories of “Pan-Turkism” and “Pan-Islamism” created by former colonialists, spread the word that Uygurs were the only “masters” of Xinjiang, that the ethnic cultures of Xinjiang were not Chinese culture, and that Islam was the only religion practiced by ethnic groups of Xinjiang. They incited all ethnic groups speaking Turki and believing in Islam to join in creating the theocratic state of so-called “East Turkistan”. They denied the history of China jointly built by all its ethnic groups, and clamored for “opposition to all ethnic groups other than Turks” and for the “annihilation of pagans”.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
20世纪初至40年代末，“东突”势力为了达到分裂和控制新疆、建立所谓的“东突厥斯坦”国家的目的，大肆传播“泛突厥主义”“泛伊斯兰主义”，宣扬暴力恐怖主义，组织策划一系列分裂活动。1915年，分裂分子麦斯武德回到伊犁，开办学校，公开向学生传播分裂思想。1933年11月12日，以穆罕默德·伊敏等为首的“东突”分裂势力建立了所谓的“东突厥斯坦伊斯兰共和国”，遭到新疆各族人民的反对，不到三个月这场闹剧就草草收场。1944年11月12日，以艾力汗·吐烈为首的“东突”分裂势力建立了所谓的“东突厥斯坦共和国”，仅一年多即土崩瓦解。此后，形形色色的分裂组织和分裂分子打着“东突”旗号进行颠覆分裂活动，妄图建立所谓的“东突厥斯坦”国家。
From the early 20th century to the late 1940s, the “East Turkistan” forces, in an attempt to split and control Xinjiang and establish their state, promoted and spread the ideas of “Pan-Turkism”, “Pan-Islamism”, and violence and terrorism. They organized and planned a series of separatist activities. In 1915 separatist Maswud returned to Ili, opened a school and publicly preached separatism to the students. On November 12, 1933, Mohammad Imin founded the so-called “East Turkistan Islamic Republic”, but the farce ended in less than three months because of strong opposition from the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang. On November 12, 1944, separatists led by Elihan Torae founded the so-called “Republic of East Turkistan”, which soon collapsed a year later. Afterwards, a series of separatist organizations and individuals continued their subversive and separatist activities under the banner of “East Turkistan” in a vain attempt to establish their own state.
1949年新中国成立后，在中国共产党的领导下，新疆各族人民共同团结奋斗、共同建设美好家园，实现了社会稳定、经济发展和人民生活改善。但“东突”势力并不甘心失败，在国际反华势力的支持下，不择手段地组织策划实施各种分裂破坏活动。20世纪50年代初期，分裂分子在新疆制造了多起暴乱，他们的口号是“维吾尔人应该在星月旗下团结起来”“建立伊斯兰共和国”。60年代，先后发生了“伊塔事件”、“东突厥斯坦人民革命党”叛乱、南疆阿洪诺夫集团武装暴乱。70年代末80年代初，宗教极端主义进一步向新疆渗透。80年代以后，宗教极端主义与恐怖主义沆瀣一气、兴风作浪，成为严重危害新疆稳定安全的浊流。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang have, under the leadership of the CPC, worked together to build a better Xinjiang; they have maintained social stability, achieved economic growth, and improved lives for the people. The “East Turkistan” forces, however, have not resigned themselves to defeat. With the support of international anti-China forces, the “East Turkistan” forces have resorted to all means, fair or foul, to organize, plan and carry out acts of separatism and sabotage. In the early 1950s the separatists instigated many riots in Xinjiang, calling on Uygurs to “unite under the moon-and-star banner to create a republic of Islam”. In the 1960s there were the riots in Ili and Tacheng on the China-Russia border, the riot of the “East Turkistan People’s Revolutionary Party”, and the armed rebellion of the Gang of Ahongnof in southern Xinjiang. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, religious extremism made further inroads into Xinjiang. It soon blended with terrorism to stir up social unrest in the region, seriously undermining local stability and security.
20世纪90年代以来，特别是美国“9·11”事件后，受国际局势变化和恐怖主义、极端主义全球蔓延的影响，境内外“东突”势力加强勾连，扬言通过发动“圣战”建立“东突厥斯坦”国家。他们打着民族、宗教的幌子，利用群众朴素的民族宗教感情，煽动宗教狂热、大肆散布宗教极端思想，蛊惑煽动群众，实施暴力恐怖活动，使一些人走上违法犯罪的道路。他们大肆鼓吹“圣战殉教进天堂”等邪说，把一些人变成完全受其精神控制的极端分子和恐怖分子，甚至变成杀人不眨眼的魔鬼。
Since the 1990s, especially after the September 11 attacks in the US, the “East Turkistan” forces inside and outside China have stepped up their collaboration as terrorism and extremism spread around the globe, trying desperately to establish “East Turkistan” through “Jihad” (holy war). In the name of ethnicity and religion, they deceitfully used people’s ethnic identity and religious belief to instigate religious fanaticism, spread religious extremism, and incite the common people to join in violent and terrorist activities. They brainwashed people with the “Jihad”, abetting them to “die for their belief in order to enter heaven”. Some of the most susceptible followers, no longer possessed of any self-control, became extremists and terrorists who heartlessly slaughtered innocent people.
宗教极端主义打着伊斯兰教旗号，但完全违背宗教教义，并不是伊斯兰教。长期以来，他们把极端思想与宗教捆绑在一起，与广大信教群众捆绑在一起，与社会生活捆绑在一起，煽动群众“除了真主以外不能服从任何人”，教唆信教群众抵制政府管理；鼓吹把一切不遵循极端做法的人都视为异教徒、宗教叛徒、民族败类，煽动辱骂、排斥、孤立不信教群众、党员干部和爱国宗教人士；否定和排斥一切世俗文化，宣扬不能看电视、听广播、读报刊，强迫葬礼不哭、婚礼不笑，禁止人们唱歌跳舞，强制妇女穿戴蒙面罩袍；泛化“清真”概念，不仅在食品上，而且在药品、化妆品、服装等物品上都打上清真标签；无视新疆各民族共同创造的多姿多彩、辉煌灿烂的传统文化，企图割裂中华文化与新疆各民族文化的联系。这一切，都是对现代文明的否定，都是对人类进步的破坏，都是对公民人权的粗暴侵犯。
Religious extremism under the banner of Islam runs counter to Islamic doctrines. It is not Islam. For a long time, separatists have tied extremism to religion, to religious believers, and to society as a whole. They tell people not to obey anyone but Allah and incite them to resist government management. They abuse those who do not follow the path of extremism as pagans, traitors and scum, urging their followers to verbally assault, reject, and isolate non-believers, Party members and officials, and patriotic religious individuals. They deny and reject all forms of secular culture, preaching a life without TV, radio and newspaper, forbidding people to weep at funerals or laugh at weddings, imposing bans on singing and dancing, and forcing women to wear heavily-veiled black long gowns. They over-generalize the “Halal” concept, stamping food, medicine, cosmetics, clothing, etc. with the Halal symbol. They turn a blind eye to the diverse and splendid cultures of Xinjiang created by all its ethnic groups, trying to sever the ties between the Chinese culture and the ethnic cultures of Xinjiang. All this indicates their denial of modern civilization, rejection of human progress, and gross violation of the human rights of their fellow citizens.
