七、积极参与反恐国际交流与合作
VII. International Counterterrorism Exchanges and Cooperation文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
近年来，恐怖主义、极端主义全球蔓延，给人类社会带来重大灾难。2001年9月11日，美国发生震惊世界的恐怖袭击事件，2996人死亡。2002年10月12日，印度尼西亚巴厘岛汽车炸弹袭击事件，202人死亡。2004年3月11日，西班牙马德里列车连环爆炸案，190人死亡、1500余人受伤。2004年9月1日，俄罗斯别斯兰人质事件，造成包括186名未成年人在内的335人死亡、958人受伤。2005年7月7日，英国伦敦连环爆炸案，52人死亡、700多人受伤。2008年11月26日，印度孟买连环恐怖袭击案，195人死亡、近300人受伤。2011年7月22日，挪威奥斯陆爆炸枪击事件，77人死亡。2013年9月21日，肯尼亚内罗毕恐怖袭击事件，72人死亡、168人受伤。2015年11月13日，法国巴黎系列恐怖袭击事件，132人死亡、300多人受伤。2016年3月22日，比利时布鲁塞尔连环爆炸案，35人死亡、300多人受伤。2016年12月19日，德国柏林恐怖袭击事件，12人死亡、49人受伤。2017年1月1日，土耳其伊斯坦布尔恐怖袭击事件，39人死亡、69人受伤。2017年11月24日，埃及北西奈省恐怖袭击事件，235人死亡、109人受伤。据不完全统计，2018年全球发生1127起恐怖袭击事件，造成13000多人死亡。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
The global spread of terrorism and extremism over the years has inflicted agony on humanity. Some of the most notorious terrorist attacks include: the September 11 attacks in 2001 that killed 2,996 people in the US; the Bali bombings on October 12, 2002 that killed 202 people in Indonesia; the Madrid train bombings on March 11, 2004 that killed 190 and injured over 1,500 people in Spain; the Beslan school siege on September 1, 2004 that killed 335 people, including 186 minors, and injured 958 people in Russia; the London bombings on July 7, 2005 that killed 52 and injured over 700 people in the UK; the Mumbai attacks on November 26, 2008 that killed 195 and injured close to 300 people in India; the shooting on July 22, 2011 that killed 77 people in Oslo, Norway; the Westgate shopping mall attack on September 21, 2013 that killed 72 and injured 168 people in Nairobi, Kenya; the Paris attacks on November 13, 2015 that killed 132 and injured more than 300 people in France; the Brussels bombings on March 22, 2016 that killed 35 and injured over 300 persons in Belgium; the Berlin truck attack on December 19, 2016 that killed 12 and injured 49 people in Germany; the Istanbul nightclub shooting on January 1, 2017 that killed 39 and injured 69 people in Turkey; the Sinai mosque attack on November 24, 2017 that killed 235 and injured 109 people in Egypt. According to incomplete statistics, in 2018 there were 1,127 terrorist attacks globally, causing 13,000 deaths.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
恐怖主义、极端主义已成为当今世界一大公害，严重威胁世界和平与发展，严重危害世界人民生命财产安全。严厉打击恐怖主义，深入开展去极端化工作，是国际社会的共同责任，也是保障人权的必然选择。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
Throughout the world, terrorism and extremism gravely threaten peace and development, and endanger the life and property of individuals. Striking aggressively at terrorism and furthering the de-radicalization effort is the common responsibility of the international community and essential to the protection of human rights.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6802.html
中国反对任何形式的恐怖主义、极端主义，反对将恐怖主义、极端主义与特定国家、民族、宗教挂钩，反对在反恐问题上采取“双重标准”；倡导综合施策、标本兼治，既严厉打击恐怖主义活动，又致力于消除贫困，铲除滋生恐怖主义的土壤；主张在相互尊重、平等协商基础上，加强国际反恐务实合作。
China opposes all forms of terrorism and extremism, and opposes double standards on fighting terrorism. It opposes linking terrorism and extremism with specific countries, ethnic groups or religions. It advocates comprehensive measures to address both the symptoms and the root causes, with the dual purposes of striking at terrorist activities and eliminating poverty, so that there will be no room for terrorism to breed. It supports more pragmatic international cooperation in the fight against terrorism on the basis of mutual respect and consultation on an equal footing.
作为国际社会负责任一员，中国政府积极支持联合国在国际反恐合作中发挥主导和协调作用，坚持遵循《联合国宪章》和其他国际法原则准则，支持联合国安理会通过的一系列反恐决议，大力推动《联合国全球反恐战略》全面实施。中国已加入《制止恐怖主义爆炸的国际公约》《制止向恐怖主义提供资助的国际公约》《制止核恐怖行为国际公约》《反对劫持人质国际公约》等绝大多数国际反恐公约。在上海合作组织框架下，中国与有关国家签署了《打击恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义上海公约》《上海合作组织成员国合作打击恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义构想》《上海合作组织反恐怖主义公约》《上海合作组织反极端主义公约》《上海合作组织成员国合作打击恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义2019－2021年合作纲要》《上海合作组织成员国和阿富汗伊斯兰共和国关于打击恐怖主义、毒品走私和有组织犯罪行动计划》等文件。通过联合反恐演习、联合边防行动、打击“三股势力”网络违法活动、大型国际活动安保、情报交流、司法合作等双边、多边反恐机制，中国与各有关国家开展了大量卓有成效的反恐交流与合作，在维护国际和地区安全稳定方面发挥了重要作用。
As a responsible member of the international community, China supports the United Nations in playing a leading and coordinating role in international cooperation against terrorism. China upholds the UN Charter and other principles and norms of international law. It has supported a series of resolutions on combating terrorism adopted by the UN Security Council, and contributed to the full implementation of the UN Global Counterterrorism Strategy. China has joined most of the international counterterrorism conventions, including the International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings, International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism, and the International Convention against the Taking of Hostages.
Under the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), China and countries involved have signed the following documents: the Shanghai Convention on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism, Cooperation Between SCO Member States on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism, SCO Convention on Combating Terrorism, SCO Convention on Combating Extremism, SCO Cooperation Programme on Fighting Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism for 2019-2021, and SCO Plan of Action for Cooperation with Islamic Republic of Afghanistan on Fighting Terrorism, Drug Trafficking and Organized Crimes.
China has carried out a number of fruitful counterterrorism exchanges and cooperation with relevant countries through such bilateral and multilateral mechanisms as joint anti-terrorism exercises, joint border defense operations, and suppression of illegal cyberspace activities by terrorist, separatist and extremist forces, as well as security cooperation, intelligence exchange, and judicial cooperation during major international events. It has played an important role in maintaining international and regional security and stability.
新疆是中国反恐怖主义的主战场。近年来，在中央政府的关心支持下，新疆地区与周边国家建立了边境地区和执法部门反恐领域对口合作机制，在情报信息交流、边境联合管控、涉恐人员查缉、反恐怖融资、打击网络恐怖主义、打击跨国犯罪、司法协助、跨国油气管道安保等方面，进行了务实交流与合作。同时，积极借鉴国际反恐和去极端化经验，结合本地区实际，有效开展了反恐怖主义斗争和去极端化工作，取得了阶段性成果，为国际反恐斗争作出了贡献。
Xinjiang is a key battlefield in the fight against terrorism in China. In recent years, under the care and support of the central government, Xinjiang has established cooperation mechanisms with neighboring countries on fighting terrorism in border areas and between law-enforcement departments. Pragmatic exchanges and cooperation have been carried out in intelligence, joint border control, the investigation and capture of suspected terrorists, cutting off funds for terrorism, suppression of cyberspace terrorism and transnational crimes, judicial assistance, and cross-border oil and gas pipeline security. Drawing experience from global efforts, Xinjiang has contributed to the international fight on terrorism through effective counterterrorism and de-radicalization campaigns based on its regional realities.
结束语
Conclusion
毫无疑问，中国新疆反恐怖主义和去极端化斗争，是国际反恐斗争的重要组成部分，为国际反恐斗争作出了重要贡献。新疆依法预防和打击恐怖主义、极端主义，维护了社会稳定，促进了文明进步，满足了人民对安全稳定生产生活环境的殷切期盼，最大限度地保障了各族人民群众的基本权利。
There is no doubt that Xinjiang’s fight against terrorism and extremism is an important component of the global struggle, and has made an important contribution to the latter. While preventing and combating terrorism and extremism in accordance with the law, Xinjiang has maintained social stability and promoted social progress in the region, meeting the people’s aspirations for a safe and stable environment to live and work in, and ensuring the basic rights of all ethnic groups to the greatest extent.
当今世界，面对恐怖主义、极端主义的严峻挑战，任何国家都无法置身事外、独善其身。世界各国只有进一步增强人类命运共同体意识，摒弃“双重标准”，增进政治互信，凝聚战略共识，促进交流合作，才能更有效遏制和打击恐怖主义、极端主义，维护世界和平与安宁。
In today’s world, faced with the severe challenges of terrorism and extremism, no country can shy away from them. Only by strengthening our community of shared future, abandoning double standards, enhancing political mutual trust, reaching strategic consensus, and promoting exchanges and cooperation, can we effectively curb and combat terrorism and extremism in the interests of world peace and stability.
在以习近平同志为核心的中共中央坚强领导下，在全国人民的大力支持下，经过新疆各族人民的共同奋斗，新疆反恐怖主义和去极端化斗争取得了重要阶段性成果。但是，“三股势力”及其影响依然存在，“东突”势力依然在伺机制造事端，新疆反恐怖主义和去极端化斗争形势依然严峻复杂。新疆将紧紧围绕社会稳定和长治久安总目标，依法反恐、保障人权、发展经济、改善民生，努力建设团结和谐、繁荣富裕、文明进步、安居乐业的中国特色社会主义新疆。
Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at the core, with the strong support of the people across the country, and through the joint effort of all the ethnic groups of Xinjiang, China has made significant progress in its counterterrorism and de-radicalization efforts in Xinjiang. However, the three forces of terrorism, separatism and extremism are not gone; their influence can still be felt. And the “East Turkistan” forces are in search of opportunities to create trouble. We still face a severe and complex situation in combating terrorism and extremism in Xinjiang. Focusing on social stability and lasting peace, Xinjiang will continue to fight terrorism in accordance with the law, ensure human rights, develop the economy, improve people’s lives, and build a united, harmonious, prosperous, and culturally advanced socialist society where people live and work in peace and contentment.
