二、新时代中国防御性国防政策
II. China’s Defensive National Defense Policy in the New Era文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
中国的社会主义国家性质，走和平发展道路的战略抉择，独立自主的和平外交政策，“和为贵”的中华文化传统，决定了中国始终不渝奉行防御性国防政策。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
The socialist system of China, the strategic decision to follow the path of peaceful development, the independent foreign policy of peace, and the best of cultural traditions – considering peace and harmony as fundamentals – determine that China will pursue a national defense policy that is defensive in nature.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
坚决捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
Resolutely Safeguarding China’s Sovereignty, Security and Development Interests文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
这是新时代中国国防的根本目标。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7280.html
This is the fundamental goal of China’s national defense in the new era.
慑止和抵抗侵略，保卫国家政治安全、人民安全和社会稳定，反对和遏制“台独”，打击“藏独”“东突”等分裂势力，保卫国家主权、统一、领土完整和安全。维护国家海洋权益，维护国家在太空、电磁、网络空间等安全利益，维护国家海外利益，支撑国家可持续发展。
China’s national defense aims:
- to deter and resist aggression;
- to safeguard national political security, the people’s security and social stability;
- to oppose and contain “Taiwan independence”;
- to crack down on proponents of separatist movements such as “Tibet independence” and the creation of “East Turkistan”;
- to safeguard national sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity and security;
- to safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests;
- to safeguard China’s security interests in outer space, electromagnetic space and cyberspace;
- to safeguard China’s overseas interests; and
- to support the sustainable development of the country.
中国坚定维护国家主权和领土完整。南海诸岛、钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿是中国固有领土。中国在南海岛礁进行基础设施建设，部署必要的防御性力量，在东海钓鱼岛海域进行巡航，是依法行使国家主权。中国致力于同直接有关的当事国在尊重历史事实和国际法的基础上，通过谈判协商解决有关争议。中国坚持同地区国家一道维护和平稳定，坚定维护各国依据国际法所享有的航行和飞越自由，维护海上通道安全。
China resolutely safeguards its national sovereignty and territorial integrity. The South China Sea islands and Diaoyu Islands are inalienable parts of the Chinese territory. China exercises its national sovereignty to build infrastructure and deploy necessary defensive capabilities on the islands and reefs in the South China Sea, and to conduct patrols in the waters of Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea. China is committed to resolving related disputes through negotiations with those states directly involved on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law. China continues to work with regional countries to jointly maintain peace and stability. It firmly upholds freedom of navigation and overflight by all countries in accordance with international law and safeguards the security of sea lines of communication (SLOCs).
解决台湾问题，实现国家完全统一，是中华民族的根本利益，是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必然要求。中国坚持“和平统一、一国两制”方针，推动两岸关系和平发展，推进中国和平统一进程，坚决反对一切分裂中国的图谋和行径，坚决反对任何外国势力干涉。中国必须统一，也必然统一。中国有坚定决心和强大能力维护国家主权和领土完整，决不允许任何人、任何组织、任何政党、在任何时候、以任何形式、把任何一块中国领土从中国分裂出去。我们不承诺放弃使用武力，保留采取一切必要措施的选项，针对的是外部势力干涉和极少数“台独”分裂分子及其分裂活动，绝非针对台湾同胞。如果有人要把台湾从中国分裂出去，中国军队将不惜一切代价，坚决予以挫败，捍卫国家统一。
To solve the Taiwan question and achieve complete reunification of the country is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation and essential to realizing national rejuvenation. China adheres to the principles of “peaceful reunification”, and “one country, two systems”, promotes peaceful development of cross-Strait relations, and advances peaceful reunification of the country. Meanwhile, China resolutely opposes any attempts or actions to split the country and any foreign interference to this end. China must be and will be reunited. China has the firm resolve and the ability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and will never allow the secession of any part of its territory by anyone, any organization or any political party by any means at any time. We make no promise to renounce the use of force, and reserve the option of taking all necessary measures. This is by no means targeted at our compatriots in Taiwan, but at the interference of external forces and the very small number of “Taiwan independence” separatists and their activities. The PLA will resolutely defeat anyone attempting to separate Taiwan from China and safeguard national unity at all costs.
坚持永不称霸、永不扩张、永不谋求势力范围
Never Seeking Hegemony, Expansion or Spheres of Influence
这是新时代中国国防的鲜明特征。
This is the distinctive feature of China’s national defense in the new era.
国虽大，好战必亡。中华民族历来爱好和平。近代以来，中国人民饱受侵略和战乱之苦，深感和平之珍贵、发展之迫切，决不会把自己经受过的悲惨遭遇强加于人。新中国成立70年来，中国没有主动挑起过任何一场战争和冲突。改革开放以来，中国致力于促进世界和平，主动裁减军队员额400余万。中国由积贫积弱发展成为世界第二大经济体，靠的不是别人的施舍，更不是军事扩张和殖民掠夺，而是人民勤劳、维护和平。中国既通过维护世界和平为自身发展创造有利条件，又通过自身发展促进世界和平，真诚希望所有国家都选择和平发展道路，共同防范冲突和战争。
Though a country may become strong, bellicosity will lead to its ruin. The Chinese nation has always loved peace. Since the beginning of modern times, the Chinese people have suffered from aggressions and wars, and have learned the value of peace and the pressing need for development. Therefore, China will never inflict such sufferings on any other country. Since its founding 70 years ago, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has never started any war or conflict. Since the introduction of reform and opening-up, China has been committed to promoting world peace, and has voluntarily downsized the PLA by over 4 million troops. China has grown from a poor and weak country to be the world’s second largest economy neither by receiving handouts from others nor by engaging in military expansion or colonial plunder. Instead, it has developed through its people’s hard work and its efforts to maintain peace. China has made every effort to create favorable conditions for its development through maintaining world peace, and has equally endeavored to promote world peace through its own development. China sincerely hopes that all countries will choose the path of peaceful development and jointly prevent conflicts and wars.
中国坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上发展同各国的友好合作，尊重各国人民自主选择发展道路的权利，主张通过平等对话和谈判协商解决国际争端，反对干涉别国内政，反对恃强凌弱，反对把自己的意志强加于人。中国坚持结伴不结盟，不参加任何军事集团，反对侵略扩张，反对动辄使用武力或以武力相威胁。中国的国防建设和发展，始终着眼于满足自身安全的正当需要，始终是世界和平力量的增长。历史已经并将继续证明，中国决不走追逐霸权、“国强必霸”的老路。无论将来发展到哪一步，中国都不会威胁谁，都不会谋求建立势力范围。
China is committed to developing friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. It respects the rights of all peoples to independently choose their own development path, and stands for the settlement of international disputes through equal dialogue, negotiation and consultation. China is opposed to interference in the internal affairs of others, abuse of the weak by the strong, and any attempt to impose one’s will on others. China advocates partnerships rather than alliances and does not join any military bloc. It stands against aggression and expansion, and opposes arbitrary use or threat of arms. The development of China’s national defense aims to meet its rightful security needs and contribute to the growth of the world’s peaceful forces. History proves and will continue to prove that China will never follow the beaten track of big powers in seeking hegemony. No matter how it might develop, China will never threaten any other country or seek any sphere of influence.
