九、营造良好社会环境
IX. Creating a Good Social Environment文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7286.html
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中国倡导社会主义核心价值观和“平等、参与、共享”的理念，弘扬中华民族传统美德和人道主义精神，培育全社会扶残助残意识，形成关爱残疾人、关心残疾人事业的良好社会风尚。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7286.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7286.html
China advocates core socialist values and the concepts of “equality, participation and sharing”, carries forward China’s traditional virtues and humanitarianism, and cultivates awareness of helping people with disabilities as part of the effort to create a social environment in which persons with disabilities are cared for, and the programs to help them are promoted.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7286.html
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残疾人文化事业欣欣向荣。《中华人民共和国公共文化服务保障法》和《“十三五”推进基本公共服务均等化规划》均载入残疾人文化服务项目，将残疾人文化事业纳入国家公共文化服务体系。各地采取措施确保残疾人以无障碍方式获得文化产品和服务，欣赏电视、电影、戏剧等文化作品。文化和旅游部与中国残联连续多年在全国开展残疾人文化周活动，2018年120余万残疾人参与该活动。各类残疾人艺术团体快速发展，全国各类残疾人艺术团体已有283个，残疾人文化艺术从业人员近30万名。“共享芬芳 共铸小康”公益巡演展览活动启动三年以来，共有17万余人参加。每四年举办一届全国残疾人艺术汇演，截至2017年，共举办9届，每届参与的残疾人达10多万人。中国残疾人艺术团出访100个国家和地区进行交流演出，被联合国教科文组织指定为“联合国教科文组织和平艺术家”，《千手观音》节目享誉世界。2011年至2018年，中央财政投入近1200万元，在城市社区实施“残疾人文化进社区”项目，为社区设立“残疾人书架”，配备文化活动用品。在“农家书屋”工程中把为残疾人服务的图书列入采购书目。实施文化进残疾人家庭“五个一项目”，支持中西部和农村地区10万户贫困、重度残疾人家庭每年读一本书、看一次电影、游一次园、参观一次展览、参加一次文化活动。建成融多种功能于一体的中国盲文图书馆，组织实施盲人数字阅读推广工程。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7286.html
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The cultural activities of persons with disabilities are thriving. The Public Cultural Service Guarantee Law of the People’s Republic of China and the “Plan for Promoting Equal Access to Basic Public Services in the 13th Five-year Plan Period” have included the cultural service programs for those with disabilities into the national cultural service system.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7286.html
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Measures have been taken across the country to ensure accessibility to cultural products and services for persons with disabilities, enabling them to appreciate TV programs, films and dramas. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism and CDPF have held an annual cultural week for persons with disabilities for several years. In 2018, over 1.2 million people with disabilities took part in such activities.
Art troupes of persons with disabilities are growing fast; their number has increased to 283, employing about 300,000 disabled art workers. During the three years since the launch of the Charity Performance Tours and Exhibitions, a total of 170,000 persons with disabilities have taken part in the initiative. The National Disability Art Festival is held every four years. By 2017, it had been held nine times, attracting over 100,000 to participate each year. Designated as UNESCO Artist for Peace, the China Disabled People’s Performing Art Troupe has visited 100 countries and regions for performance and exchanges; the Thousand-hand Bodhisattva dance enjoys prestige throughout the world.
From 2011 to 2018, the central budget allocated about RMB12 million to launch the project of “Enriching the Community Culture for Persons with Disabilities” in cities, setting up reading sections and supplying cultural products for them. Books for people with disabilities have been added on the shopping list in the “Village Library” project. A cultural campaign has been launched for households with disabled members, particularly the 100,000 impoverished households and those with severely disabled members in the middle and western regions and rural areas. The campaign will enable each of them to read one book, watch one film, tour one park, visit one exhibition, and take part in one cultural activity every year. We have built a multifunctional Braille library and launched a digital reading project for persons with disabilities.
残疾人体育事业蓬勃发展。残疾人健身体育、康复体育和竞技体育全面发展。2011年，启动残疾人自强健身工程，提高残疾人体育健身指导服务能力和服务水平。自2011年起，体育总局支持中国残联开展残疾人社会体育指导员培训，截至2017年，共培养10.4万名社会体育指导员。各级政府和组织加大经费投入，为各类残疾人开辟日常体育活动场所。2017年，各地残疾人文化体育活动场所达到9053个。成功举办上海特奥会、北京残奥会和广州亚残运会，成功申办2022年冬季残奥会；共参加9届夏季残奥会，1337名运动员参加，获得433块金牌、339块银牌、250块铜牌，打破261项世界纪录，实现金牌榜4连冠；参加4届冬季残奥会，55名运动员参加，在2018年平昌冬残奥会上实现冬季项目金牌零的突破。积极参加国际听障奥运会和特奥会。
Sports for persons with disabilities are flourishing. Fitness and rehabilitation activities and competitive sports are making rapid progress. In 2011, a fitness program was launched to provide better guidance and service for persons with disabilities. Since 2011, the General Administration of Sport has supported the CDPF in training social sports instructors for people with disabilities. By 2017, a total of 104,000 instructors had been trained. Governments and organizations at all levels have increased investment in the building of sports venues for people with disabilities. In 2017 there were 9,053 cultural and sports venues for people with disabilities across the nation.
Shanghai Special Olympics, Beijing Paralympic Games, and Guangzhou Asia Para Games have been successful. China has succeeded in a bid for the 2022 Winter Paralympic Games. And it has attended nine summer Paralympics in which 1,337 athletes have participated, wining 433 gold, 339 silver and 250 bronze medals. They have broken 261 world records and ranked top in the gold medal tally for the last four Paralympics. China has competed in four Winter Paralympics with a total of 55 athletes, and won the first gold medal in the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Paralympic Games. China has actively taken part in Deaflympics and Special Olympics.
助残社会组织逐步壮大。2012年以来，中央财政每年划拨专项资金支持社会组织参与社会服务，其中残疾人社会服务是重点领域之一。推进社会组织“放管服”改革，支持社区社会组织承接社区公共服务和基层政府委托事项，完善国家对助残社会组织的税收优惠政策。助残社会组织的数量迅速增长。截至2017年，各地民政部门共登记助残社会组织6200余个，包括1500余个社会团体、4600余个民办非企业单位和约100个基金会。
Social organizations of disability support are growing. Since 2012, the central budget has allocated special funds to support social organizations in providing social services, particularly for persons with disabilities. We have encouraged social organizations to streamline administration, delegate powers, innovate supervision, and improve services. We have given support to community-level social organizations in undertaking community public services and tasks entrusted by grassroots governments. And the state has improved preferential tax policies for social disability support organizations. These organizations are growing rapidly. By 2017, over 6,200 such organizations had been registered at local civil affairs departments, including 1,500 civil societies, 4,600 private non-enterprise entities and 100 foundations.
扶残助残社会风尚基本形成。中国政府网站开设残疾人信息与服务专栏，报刊、广播、电视和网络等新闻媒体广泛报道残疾人生活和事务，促进尊重残疾人的尊严和权利，消除对残疾人的偏见和歧视，形成理解、尊重、帮助残疾人的社会氛围。自1991年设立全国助残日（每年5月第三个星期日）以来，已开展29次全国助残日活动。每年开展“牵着蜗牛去散步”等公益系列活动，各类公益慈善组织、志愿者服务组织开展了形式多样的面向残疾儿童的公益活动。举办残疾人运动会、文艺汇演、职业技能竞赛等大型活动，展示残疾人自强不息的精神风貌。开展百家图书馆、百家媒体、百家博物馆、百家出版社等文化公益助残活动，提升全社会对残疾人的关注。在中小学生中开展“红领巾手拉手助残”行动；在高校学生和广大青年中开展中国青年志愿者助残“阳光行动”；成立中国助残志愿者协会，整合凝聚社会力量推进志愿助残服务。
Social norms to support and help persons with disabilities have been established. Government websites have special sections for disability information and services. News media such as newspaper, radio, television and internet have wide coverage of the life of people with disabilities to help promote respect for their dignity and rights, eradicate prejudice and discrimination against them, and establish social norms to encourage the general public to understand, respect and help them. Since 1991 when the National Day for Helping Persons with Disabilities (the third Sunday in every May) was designated, 29 theme activities have been held.
Every year, public welfare activities to help people with intellectual disabilities are organized, and a variety of other activities for children with disabilities are also carried out by charity and volunteer organizations. Sporting activities, art performances, and vocational skills competitions of people with disabilities are held to celebrate their spirit of self-improvement and resilience. Non-profit campaigns in the cultural sector have also been launched to raise the public profile of this group, such as ensuring their access to 100 libraries and museums, and to books donated by 100 publishing houses, and expanding news coverage of their stories by 100 news media.
In primary and secondary schools, able-bodied Young Pioneers are encouraged to pair with their disabled peers to learn from each other. For college students and young people, the Sunshine Action has been launched to recruit youth volunteers to help people with disabilities. The China Association of Volunteers for Persons with Disabilities has been set up to unite all social forces in providing better services for these people.
残疾人精神和贡献获得社会褒扬。残疾人积极投身于国家建设，努力实现自身价值，并为社会做出贡献。他们中涌现出一大批自强不息、奋发有为的先进人物，获得“全国劳动模范”“全国三八红旗手”等称号。国家和地方表彰了一大批残疾人自强模范，授予“自强模范”“助残先进个人”“助残先进集体”等称号。召开6次全国自强模范暨助残先进表彰大会，表彰919个“全国自强模范”、1117个“全国助残先进集体”和“全国助残先进个人”。
The spirit of persons with disabilities and the contribution they make is winning favor with the public. Persons with disabilities devote themselves to national development, and try to maximize the value of their contribution to society. A number of aspirant and enterprising models have emerged and won the titles of “National Model Worker” and “National Model Women Worker”. The state and local governments have rewarded a large number of role models with disabilities and individuals and units of disability support. The state has held six national conferences on commending role models with disabilities and model individuals and units for helping those with disabilities, rewarding 919 “National Self-improvement Models”, and 1,117 “Outstanding Units for Helping Persons with Disabilities” and “Outstanding Individuals for Helping Persons with Disabilities”.
