2019年9月25日，英国知名政论杂志《政要》在其秋季政党年会特刊刊登驻英国大使刘晓明题为《什么是中英关系65年发展的宝贵经验》的署名文章。全文如下：文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
In its autumn party conference issue, the Politics First Magazine published a signed article by Ambassador Liu Xiaoming entitled “Invaluable Lessons of 65 Years of China-UK Relations”. The full text is as follows:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
什么是中英关系65年发展的宝贵经验？文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
Invaluable Lessons of 65 Years of China-UK Relations文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
我担任中国驻英国大使9年多，常有人问我，中英关系发展最重要的经验是什么？中国有句古语，“往古者，所以知今也”。今年是中英建立代办级外交关系65周年。回首过去65年，中英关系历经风雨，走过了不平凡的历程，也留给我们宝贵的历史经验，可以概括为“五个关键词”（五个R）：文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
During my nine-odd years in London as Chinese Ambassador, I had been frequently asked about the most important lessons that can be learnt from China-UK relations so far. As a Chinese adage goes, “Knowing history helps understand what is happening today.” As we celebrate the 65th anniversary of the establishment of China-UK diplomatic relationship at the level of chargé d’affaires, it is time to review the extraordinary journey of China-UK relations and draw invaluable lessons, which I summarise as five R’s.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7801.html
一是互尊互信（Respect)。65年来，中英关系实现四次“历史性飞跃”，即中英1954年建立代办级外交关系、1972年建立大使级外交关系、实现香港顺利回归中国、习近平主席2015年访英开启中英关系“黄金时代”。实现这些飞跃的根本原因在于，中英在相互尊重、平等相待的基础上审时度势，作出正确的历史性战略抉择。发展持续健康稳定的两国关系，符合中英共同利益。中英双方应继续着眼大局和长远，把握大局和大势，保持定力，排除干扰，始终视彼此发展为机遇而非挑战甚或威胁；应坚持相互尊重，加强战略沟通，深化政治互信，确保中英关系“黄金时代”始终不偏航、不脱轨。
The first R stands for Respect. This is the basis for the four historic leaps in China-UK relations over the past 65 years – the establishment of diplomatic relationship at the level of chargé d’affaires in 1954, the establishment of ambassadorial diplomatic relationship in 1972, the handover of Hong Kong to China, and the beginning of the China-UK “Golden Era” marked by President Xi Jinping’s visit to the UK in 2015. At all these critical junctures, China and the UK made the right strategic choice on the basis of equality and mutual respect.
A sound and stable China-UK relationship is in the interests of both countries. It is important that the two countries continue to keep in mind the larger picture and long-term interests of the bilateral relations, keep to the right direction and resist disruptions. We should regard each other’s development as opportunities rather than challenges, still less threats. It is also important that the two countries continue to respect each other, enhance strategic dialogue and deepen political mutual trust so as to keep the China-UK “Golden Era” on the right track.
二是互利合作（Reciprocity）。65年来，中英经贸投资合作成倍增长。65年前，中英贸易额只有区区数千万美元，而去年两国贸易额已达804.4亿美元，是65年前的5000多倍；65年前中英相互投资几乎为零，而截至2018年底中国对英累计非金融类直接投资220亿美元，英在华直接投资累计245亿美元。近年来，中英在东西方务实合作中一直发挥着引领作用，英国在西方大国中第一个发行人民币主权债券，第一个加入亚洲基础设施投资银行，第一个任命“一带一路”特使、设立专家理事会，第一个同中国共同发布《科技创新合作战略》。去年中英在首届中国国际进口博览会上签署超过20亿英镑的商业合同，今年6月第十次中英经济财金对话上双方达成包括“沪伦通”在内的69项成果。
The second R stands for Reciprocity. Based on reciprocity, China-UK trade and investment have grown exponentially in the past 65 years, with trade soaring more than 5,000 times from only tens of millions of dollars to 80.44 billion dollars last year, and investment from practically zero to 22 billion dollars of Chinese non-financial direct investment in the UK and 24.5 billion dollars of British direct investment in China.
In recent years, China-UK cooperation played a leading role in the business cooperation between the China and the industrialized countries. The UK was the first to issue RMB sovereign bond, the first to join the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the first to appoint a Belt and Road special envoy and an expert board, and the first to issue the Joint Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation with China. At the first China International Import Expo last year, China and the UK signed business contracts worth more than 2 billion pounds. At the tenth China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue (EFD) last June, the two countries reached 69 outcomes and launched the Shanghai London Stock Connect.
当前，英国正致力于脱欧后打造“全球化英国”，积极拓展全球经贸伙伴。中国正进一步深化改革、扩大开放，这必将释放出巨大红利，为中英关系深化互利合作带来重大机遇、开辟广阔前景。双方应以落实第十次经济财金对话成果为契机，加强中国“一带一路”倡议、“十三五规划”与英国现代产业战略、“英格兰北方经济中心”、“中部引擎”等战略对接，进一步深化两国在“一带一路”、贸易投资、基础设施、装备制造、高科技、金融、创新等领域合作，做大做强共同利益蛋糕。同时，我们也希望英方继续为包括华为在内的中国企业提供透明、公正、非歧视性的营商环境，鼓励更多中国企业来英投资兴业，更好造福两国和两国人民。
As the UK is actively developing trade partnerships around the world and building a global Britain after Brexit, and as China further deepens reform and opening up wider to the world, the two countries face huge opportunities and broad prospects for mutually-beneficial cooperation. Implementing the outcomes of the EFD is one of such opportunities which enables China and the UK to deepen cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative and match their development strategies such as China’s 13th Five-Year Plan and the UK’s Modern Industrial Strategy, the “Northern Powerhouse” and “Midlands Engine for Growth”. This will create more opportunities for trade, mutual investment and cooperation on infrastructure building, equipment manufacturing, high technology, financial services and innovation between China and the UK. Working together, the two countries can make the pie of their common interests bigger.
At the same time, China hopes that the UK will continue to foster a transparent, just and non-discriminatory business environment for Chinese companies, including Huawei, to invest and do business in the UK, which will deliver more benefits to the two countries and their peoples.
三是责任担当（Responsibility）。65年来，世界发生了很大变化。当今世界，开放融通、合作共赢是人心所向、大势所趋，冷战思维、零和博弈不得人心、违背时代潮流。中英同为联合国安理会常任理事国，都是具有全球影响的大国，都致力于维护多边主义、自由贸易和基于规则的国际贸易体系。中英两国应展现大国责任与历史担当，高举多边主义和开放经济旗帜，共同反对单边主义和保护主义；携手应对气候变化、恐怖主义、网络安全、野生动植物保护等全球性挑战；共同推进全球治理体系改革，推动构建人类命运共同体。
The third R stands for Responsibility. China and the UK shoulder important responsibilities for the world where 65 years of tremendous changes have turned the popular tide in favour of openness, connectivity and win-win cooperation, and against the cold-war mentality and “zero-sum game”.
China and the UK, as permanent members of the UN Security Council, major countries of global influence, and supporters of multilateralism, free trade and the rule-based international trade system, must demonstrate the courage to shoulder historical responsibilities. They should join hands to hold high the banner of multilateralism and open economy, oppose unilateralism and protectionism, address global challenges such as climate change, terrorism, cyber security and wildlife protection, and promote the reform of the global governance system. Working together, the two countries can help build a community with a shared future for mankind.
四是增进认知（Recognization）。65年来，无论世事变迁与风云变幻，中英人文交流日益密切，为两国良性互动奠定了坚实的社会民意基础。65年前中英人员往来非常少，现在两国每周往返航班达到168班，每天人员互访超过4000人次。英国已成为吸引中国留学生、开办孔子学院和孔子课堂最多的欧洲国家，目前有近20万名中国学生在英求学。
The fourth R stands for Recognition, i.e. to recognise and appreciate each other’s culture. Over the past 65 years, China-UK cultural and people-to-people exchanges have become closer, which laid a solid foundation of public support for the sound interactions between the two countries despite various changes in the world. Sixty-five years ago, there were few mutual visits between the two countries. Today, there are 168 flights per week and more than 4,000 mutual visits per day. The UK has more Chinese students, Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms than any other country in Europe. Nearly 200,000 Chinese young people are studying in the UK.
“唯以心相交，方能成其久远”。纵观人类历史，文明没有高下优劣之分，文明因交流而多彩、文明因互鉴而发展。中英两国是东西方文明的代表，都具有包容开放的品格。双方应以海纳百川的胸怀，增进对彼此文明的了解和理解，以兼收并蓄的态度深化各领域交流与合作，不断夯实两国关系的民意基础，为东西方人文交流中更好发挥表率作用。
Lasting relationship is built on heart-to-heart exchanges. History shows that no civilisation is superior to others, and exchanges and mutual learning enrich civilisations. China and the UK are great civilizations, both being inclusive and open. The two countries should enhance understanding of each other’s culture and deepen exchanges and cooperation across the board in the spirit of inclusiveness, so as to consolidate public support for bilateral relations and serve as an example for cultural and people-to-people exchanges between the East and the West.
五是妥处分歧（Resolving disputes）。中英两国社会制度、历史文化和发展阶段不同，双方在一些问题上难免存在不同看法，中英关系65年的发展也并非一路坦途。但只要双方相互尊重、平等相待，努力管控和处理好分歧，双边关系就能健康稳定发展，反之就会遭遇挫折甚至倒退。中英应牢记历史经验教训，始终坚持相互尊重主权和领土完整，尊重彼此核心利益和重大关切，互不干涉内政，不做损害对方核心利益和破坏双方战略互信的事情，不做挑战对方底线的事情。例如，在香港问题上，希望英方认识到香港已经回归中国，一个繁荣稳定的香港符合中英共同利益，英国不要再干涉香港事务，不要做任何有损香港繁荣稳定的事，使香港成为中英关系的“正能量”而非“负资产”。
The fifth R stands for Resolving disputes. China and the UK differ in social system, history, cultural heritage and development stage. It is natural that the two countries do not always see eye to eye. China-UK relations had not always been smooth in the past 65 years, but as long as the two countries respect each other, treat each other as equals and manage and control differences appropriately, China-UK relations can achieve sound and steady development. Otherwise, this relationship will encounter setbacks or even backpedal.
China and the UK should draw lessons from history, respect each other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and respect each other’s core interests and major concerns. Moreover, the two countries should refrain from interfering in each other’s internal affairs, harming each other’s core interests, undermining strategic mutual trust, or challenging each other’s bottom lines.
Take the Hong Kong issue for example. Hong Kong is part of China after the handover, and a prosperous and stable Hong Kong is in the interests of both China and the UK. China hopes that the UK recognizes this and refrains from interfering in Hong Kong’s affairs or doing anything that undermines the prosperity or stability of Hong Kong, so that Hong Kong will be an “asset” rather than a “liability” in China-UK relations.
当前，中英都处于各自发展的新阶段。中国即将迎来新中国成立70周年，并将全面建成小康社会；约翰逊首相提出要建设一个进取开放、与世界互动的“全球化英国”。中英关系正站在新的历史起点上，面临新的历史性机遇。丘吉尔曾说过，“在历史中蕴藏着治国的全部秘密”（In history lies all the secrets of statecraft）。这句话同样适用于中英关系。展望未来，中英双方应珍惜两国关系65年取得的成果，始终牢记“五个关键”历史经验，推动中英关系在21世纪沿着正确方向行稳致远。
China and the UK are both in a new stage of development. China will celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic and build a moderately prosperous society in all aspects. Here in the UK, Prime Minister Johnson has pledged to recover Britain’s “natural and historic role as an enterprising, outward-looking and truly global Britain, generous in temper and engaged with the world”.
China-UK relationship is standing at a new historical starting point and faced with new, historic opportunities. Winston Churchill once said, “In history lies all the secrets of statecraft.” This applies to China-UK relations. Going forward, China and the UK should cherish the outcomes of 65 years of relations, learn the five important lessons, and work to ensure that China-UK relations go steady and far in the 21st century.
