三、建设繁荣美好世界是各国人民的共同梦想
III. A Prosperous and Beautiful World Is the Common Aspiration of All Peoples 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
当今世界，和平与发展仍然是时代主题，但面临许多新问题新挑战，特别是单边主义、保护主义、霸权主义、强权政治成为影响世界和平稳定的突出因素。建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界，让人民过上安宁富足的生活，是各国人民孜孜以求的共同梦想。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
Peace and development remain the underlying themes of our times. However, the world is facing many new problems and challenges. Unilateralism, protectionism, hegemonism, and power politics are some of the major factors affecting world peace and stability. It is a common aspiration of the peoples of all countries to build an open, inclusive, clean, and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security, and common prosperity, and where everyone lives in peace and plenty.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
（一）当今世界正处于百年未有之大变局文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
1. The world is undergoing the greatest changes in a century文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/7815.html
最近100多年来，人类经历了血腥的热战、冰冷的冷战，也取得了惊人的发展、巨大的进步。21世纪以来，随着经济全球化深入发展，国际政治经济格局加速演变，全球发展深层次矛盾日益突出，国际力量对比日趋均衡，国际秩序和全球治理体系变革更加深入，世界进入大发展大变革大调整的新时期，处于百年未有之大变局。
Humanity has made remarkable progress over the past century despite many bloody wars and the Cold War. The 21st century has witnessed growing economic globalization and a rapidly changing international political and economic landscape. Deep-seated problems in global development have become increasingly prominent. The international structures of power have been moving towards balance. The international order and global governance system have experienced further changes. All this shows that the world is in an era of major development, transformation and adjustment, and is undergoing the greatest changes in a century.
大变局催生新的机遇。百年未有之大变局的最大变化，就是以中国为代表的新兴市场国家和发展中国家群体性崛起，从根本上改变了国际力量对比。工业革命以来，西方世界在国际政治经济格局中长期占据主导地位。近几十年来，新兴市场国家和发展中国家紧紧抓住经济全球化历史机遇，实现了快速发展。国际货币基金组织最新数据显示，按购买力平价计算，新兴市场国家和发展中国家经济总量2008年已经超过发达国家，到2018年占世界经济比重达到59%（图2）。当今世界，多极化加速发展，现代化发展模式更趋多元，国际治理体系向协同共治转变，任何国家或者国家集团都再也无法单独主宰世界事务，求稳定、盼和平、谋发展成为国际社会普遍诉求。科学技术是引领大变局的革命性力量。现在，新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展，新一代信息技术广泛应用，大量催生新技术新产业新业态新模式，人类社会处于生产力大发展大跃升的前夜。
Change brings opportunities. One of the most notable changes is that the rise of China and other emerging market and developing countries is fundamentally altering the international structures of power. International politics and the economic system have been dominated by Western powers since the First Industrial Revolution. In more recent decades, emerging market and developing countries have realized rapid growth by seizing the historic opportunities presented by economic globalization. According to the latest data released by the IMF, the share of emerging market and developing economies in global output, measured by purchasing power parity, first surpassed that of advanced economies in 2008, and rose to 59% in 2018 (see Figure 2).
The world is moving rapidly towards multipolarity, diverse modern development models, and collaboration in global governance. It is now impossible for one single country or bloc of countries to exercise dominance in world affairs. Stability, peace and development have become the common aspirations of the international community. Science and technology is a leading force driving major changes. Advances in the new technological revolution and industrial transformation, and the widespread use of new-generation information technology, have generated new tools, industries, and forms of business, moving our productivity to a higher level.
大变局充满风险和挑战。大变局深刻复杂、变乱交织，各种新旧因素、力量、矛盾相互叠加碰撞，大国关系、国际秩序、地区安全、社会思潮、全球治理深刻重塑，国际局势不稳定性不确定性日益突出，治理赤字、信任赤字、和平赤字、发展赤字越来越大，世界面临重新陷入分裂甚至对抗的风险。全球经济增长动能不足、增速放缓，资本过度逐利导致贫富分化持续加大，贸易保护主义愈演愈烈，全球公共和私人债务高企，部分新兴经济体出现较大金融动荡，全球经济下行压力增大（专栏11）。国际安全形势严峻复杂，国际战略竞争日趋激烈，地区安全局势持续紧张，大规模杀伤性武器扩散、恐怖主义、网络攻击、气候变化、生物安全、有组织犯罪、重大传染性疾病等传统和非传统安全问题相互联动，严重威胁全球和地区安全。围堵遏制、对抗威胁的冷战思维沉渣泛起，霸权主义、强权政治甚嚣尘上，丛林法则、零和博弈找到新的土壤，严重侵蚀动摇战后国际秩序基础。一些西方国家治理陷入困境，民粹主义泛滥，逆全球化加剧。国际军控和裁军遭遇挫折，军备竞赛趋势显现，战略平衡与稳定受到破坏，一些地区热点问题矛盾持续激化、对抗不断升级，战争幽灵若隐若现。信息化智能化迅猛发展，对人类生命的存在形式、活动方式、伦理道德等提出了不可忽视的挑战。
Change brings risks and challenges. The profoundly evolving international landscape involves complex and intertwined changes, and the interaction of old and new factors, forces, and problems. It also means greatly reshaping the relations between major countries, the international order, regional security, the trends of thought, and the global governance system. Factors of instability and uncertainty are increasing. Deficits in governance, trust, peace and development are growing. The world is facing the danger of a relapse into fragmentation and even confrontation.
The world economy is slowing down for lack of impetus, and the gap between the rich and poor is widening as a consequence of capital’s excessive pursuit of profit. Trade protectionism is on the rise. Global public and private debt is rising steeply. Some emerging economies have encountered major financial turbulence. The world economy is facing mounting downward pressure (see Box 11).
The world is facing grave and complex security challenges. As strategic competition becomes more acute, the regional security situation remains tense. Global and regional security faces the combined effect of traditional and nontraditional threats, such as the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, cyberattacks, climate change, biohazards, organized crime, and major communicable diseases. The Cold War mentality of encirclement, constraint, confrontation and threat is resurfacing. Hegemonism and power politics are surging. The law of the jungle and zero-sum games have found new soil in which to breed. These challenges are grievously undermining the post-World War II international order. Some Western countries are facing serious difficulties in governance, populism is widespread, and attacks on globalization are intensifying. With a looming arms race, international arms control and disarmament have suffered setbacks. Damage to global strategic balance and stability and the escalation of some regional issues and conflicts have increased the chances of war. The breathtaking development of information technology and artificial intelligence creates ethical problems and poses visible threats to human lifestyles and even existence.
面对百年未有之大变局，人类又一次站在了何去何从的十字路口。面对困难和挑战，希望和信心尤为重要。世界不确定性不稳定性日益增多，但求和平、谋发展的时代潮流不会改变；国际格局深刻演变，但世界多极化的趋势不会改变；自由贸易和多边主义遭遇逆流，但经济全球化大势不会改变；国际秩序之争激烈复杂，但国际体系变革的方向不会改变。紧紧抓住并用好大变局带来的历史机遇，团结起来应对好各种危机和挑战，人类社会就能实现新的发展和跃升，以崭新姿态进入下一个百年。
These profound changes have brought humanity to a crossroads. Hope and confidence are key to resolving difficulties and challenges. The global trend towards peace and development will remain unchanged despite growing uncertainties and instabilities. The global trend towards multipolarity will remain unchanged despite tremendous changes in the international landscape. The trend towards economic globalization will remain unchanged despite setbacks to free trade and multilateralism. Reform of the international system will not change its course despite the increasing intensity and complexity of the contest over the international order. Through making the best use of the historic opportunities presented by the transformation and working together to cope with crises and challenges, humanity can achieve further progress in the century to come.
（二）构建人类命运共同体
2. Building a global community of shared future
世界怎么了？人类怎么办？面对百年未有之大变局，面对当前治理难题和发展困境，人类社会迫切需要建立新的发展观，构建更加公正合理的国际体系和国际秩序，开辟人类社会更加美好的发展前景。中国提出构建人类命运共同体，着眼解决当今世界面临的现实问题、实现人类社会和平永续发展，以天下大同为目标，秉持合作共赢理念，摒弃丛林法则，不搞强权独霸，超越零和博弈，开辟出合作共赢、共建共享的发展新道路，为人类发展提供了新的选择。
What is happening to the world? What should humanity do? Confronted with unprecedented global change and governance and development challenges, humanity urgently needs to establish new approaches to development, build a fairer and more equitable international system and order, and open up brighter prospects for the future. China’s proposal to build a global community of shared future aims to solve the practical issues facing the world today and realize the peaceful and sustainable development of humanity. The proposal pursues the goal of universal harmony and the principles of cooperation and mutual benefit, while opposing the law of the jungle, power politics and hegemonism. It looks beyond zero-sum games to the idea of blazing a new path of development based on win-win cooperation, joint contribution and shared benefits, offering a new option to the international community.
构建人类命运共同体思想，内涵丰富，体系完整。政治上，倡导相互尊重、平等协商，坚决摒弃冷战思维和强权政治，走对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟的国与国交往新路；安全上，倡导坚持以对话解决争端、以协商化解分歧，统筹应对传统和非传统安全威胁，反对一切形式的恐怖主义；经济上，倡导同舟共济，促进贸易和投资自由化便利化，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展；文化上，倡导尊重世界文明多样性，以文明交流超越文明隔阂、文明互鉴超越文明冲突、文明共存超越文明优越；生态上，倡导坚持环境友好，合作应对气候变化，保护好人类赖以生存的地球家园。
Building a global community of shared future is a well-rounded, systematic proposal. Politically, it advocates mutual respect and consultation on an equal footing, opposes the Cold War mentality and power politics, and embraces a new approach to state-to-state relations, one that features dialogue rather than confrontation and seeks partnerships rather than alliances.
In terms of security, the proposal calls for settling disputes through dialogue and resolving differences through consultation, coordinating responses to traditional and nontraditional threats, and opposing terrorism in all its forms. In the economic sphere, the proposal calls for a spirit of partnership in liberalizing and facilitating trade and investment, and making economic globalization more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all.
The proposal respects cultural diversity and approaches cross-cultural communication by replacing estrangement with exchange, clashes with mutual learning, and a sense of superiority with coexistence. The proposal emphasizes eco-friendliness, cooperation in tackling climate change, and the protection of our planet, the home for all humanity.
构建人类命运共同体思想，汲取中华优秀传统文化精髓，继承人类社会发展优秀成果，揭示了世界各国相互依存和人类命运紧密相联的客观规律，反映了中外优秀文化和全人类共同价值追求，找到了人类共建美好世界的最大公约数。推动构建人类命运共同体，不是倡导每个国家必须遵循统一的价值标准，不是推进一种或少数文明的单方主张，也不是谋求在全球范围内建设统一的行为体，更不是一种制度替代另一种制度、一种文明替代另一种文明，而是主张不同社会制度、不同意识形态、不同历史文明、不同发展水平的国家，在国际活动中目标一致、利益共生、权利共享、责任共担，从而促进人类社会整体发展。
The idea of building a global community of shared future draws from the essence of traditional Chinese culture and the achievements of human society, and reflects the interdependence among all countries and the close interconnection of all humanity. The idea demonstrates the values shared by Chinese and other cultures and by all humanity, and the greatest common ground for building a better world. Building a community of shared future does not mean conformity to the same values by all countries or the implementation of unilateral proposals pushed by one country or a small minority of countries, nor does it mean the establishment of a single unitary actor around the globe, or the replacement of one system or culture by another. Rather, it calls for countries with different social systems, ideologies, histories, cultures, and levels of development to align their goals and interests, enjoy equal rights, and share all responsibilities in international activities for the progress of humanity as a whole.
构建人类命运共同体，是一项充满艰辛和曲折的事业，但是，用进步代替落后、用福祉消除灾祸、用文明化解野蛮是历史大趋势，是人类文明进步的道义所在。世界各国应团结起来，凝聚起不同民族、不同信仰、不同文化、不同地域人民的共识，共同推动构建人类命运共同体，把世界各国人民对美好生活的向往变成现实。
The path to a global community of shared future is arduous and tortuous. However, it is the trend of history and the goal of human civilization to replace backwardness with progress, misfortune with happiness, and barbarity with civility. All countries should reach consensus that transcends ethnicity, beliefs, culture, and location, and work together to build a community of shared future and actualize the aspiration of all peoples for a better life.
