中法生物多样性保护和气候变化北京倡议
Beijing Call for Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
2019年11月6日，北京文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
Beijing, 6 November 2019文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
一、回顾中华人民共和国和法兰西共和国在2019年3月25日《关于共同维护多边主义和完善全球治理的联合声明》中所作的承诺，以及在大阪二十国集团领导人峰会和布宜诺斯艾利斯二十国集团领导人峰会期间与联合国秘书长就气候变化问题发表的两份三方新闻公报；文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
1. Recalling the commitments of the People’s Republic of China and the French Republic made in the 2019 March 25th Joint Statement on Preserving Multilateralism and Improving Global Governance and the two trilateral press statements on climate change with the Secretary General of the United Nations on the margins of the G20 Summit in Osaka and G20 summit in Buenos Aires;文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
——回顾《2030年可持续发展议程》的目标、原则和承诺以及里约三公约：《联合国生物多样性公约》、《联合国防治荒漠化公约》、《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》、《多哈修正案》和《巴黎协定》，欢迎联合国气候行动峰会的成果，峰会强调应对气候变化和生物多样性丧失的重要性；文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8194.html
– Recalling the objectives, principles and commitments of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as well as the three Rio Conventions: United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol and its Doha Amendment, and the Paris Agreement, welcoming the outcomes of the United Nations Climate Action Summit that emphasize the stakes of climate change and biodiversity loss;
——重申加强气候变化国际合作的坚定承诺，确保在《联合国气候变化框架公约》原则指导下，包括公平、共同但有区别的责任和各自能力原则，考虑不同国情，全面有效地执行《巴黎协定》，坚持多边主义，为共同应对气候变化的国际合作注入政治动力，共同促进基于相互尊重、公平、正义和互利合作的国际关系；
– Reaffirming their strong commitments to enhance international cooperation on climate change to ensure full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement guided by the principles of UNFCCC, including the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances, uphold multilateralism and inject political impetus into the international cooperation on jointly fighting climate change, to jointly promote international relations based on mutual respect, fairness, justice, and mutually beneficial cooperation;
——重申坚决支持《巴黎协定》，认为这是一个不可逆转的进程，是在气候问题上采取强有力行动的标尺；
– Reiterating their firm support for the Paris Agreement, which they regard as an irreversible process and a yardstick for strong action on the climate;
——重申我们二十国集团关于中期合理化和逐步取消鼓励浪费性消费的低效化石燃料补贴的共同承诺，同时向最贫困者提供有针对性的支持；
– Reaffirming our G20 joint commitment on medium term rationalization and phasing-out of Inefficient Fossil Fuel Subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, while providing targeted support for the poorest;
——强调贸易协定应符合《联合国气候变化框架公约》、《巴黎协定》和2030年可持续发展议程的目标；
– Emphasizing that trade agreements should be consistent with the objectives of the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development;
——回顾生物多样性丧失和气候变化威胁全球和平与稳定、粮食安全、可持续发展和人类健康，并与海洋、森林和土地退化密切相关，强调可持续管理热带森林的重要性，以及热带森林是碳汇和全球生物多样性热点；
– Recalling that biodiversity loss and climate change threaten global peace and stability food security, sustainable development and human health, and are closely intertwined with the state of the oceans, forests and land degradation, and underlining the importance of sustainably managing tropical forests, which are carbon sinks and global biodiversity hotspots;
——欢迎生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台发布2019年《全球生物多样性和生态系统服务评估报告》，以及政府间气候变化专门委员会发布的两份关于陆地、海洋和冰冻圈的特别报告，并认识到需要促进和实施转型变革，以减少生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素：包括陆地和海洋利用的变化、生物体的直接过度利用、气候变化、污染和外来物种入侵等；
– Welcoming the publication of the 2019 Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, and of two special reports on land and ocean and cryosphere by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and recognizing the need to promote and perform transformational changes to reduce the main drivers of biodiversity loss: inter alia changes in land and sea use, direct exploitation of organisms, climate change, pollution, and invasion of alien species;
——致力于在气候变化与生物多样性之间的联系上共同努力，决心支持其他政治领导人，并与他们共同努力，在将于2020年在中国昆明举行的《联合国生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会上推动全球有效应对气候变化和生物多样性丧失；
– Committed to working together on the link between climate change and biodiversity, determined to support and work together with other political leaders to prompt a global and effective response to climate change and biodiversity loss in the COP15 of CBD to be held in Kunming, China, in 2020;
二、我们，中华人民共和国主席习近平和法兰西共和国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙决心做出前所未有的努力，确保子孙后代的未来，并加紧全球努力应对气候变化，加快向绿色、低碳和气候韧性发展过渡，我们于2019年11月6日在北京会晤，呼吁所有国家，并在必要时呼吁地方政府、企业、非政府组织和公民：
2. Resolute to make unprecedented efforts to secure the future of the generations, and to step up the global efforts to tackle climate change and to speed up transition towards green and low-carbon and climate-resilient development, we, the President of the People’s Republic of China, Xi Jinping, and the President of the French Republic, Emmanuel Macron, meeting in Beijing on 6 November 2019 call on all countries and, when relevant, sub-national authorities, companies, NGOs and citizens to:
——欢迎应对气候变化和遏制生物多样性丧失的国际倡议；
– Welcome the international initiatives to fight against climate change and to halt the biodiversity loss;
——在可持续发展背景下，通报或更新国家自主贡献，确保其较此前更具进步性，体现各自最高雄心水平，于2020年前发布本世纪中叶长期温室气体低排放发展战略；
– Communicate or update their nationally determined contributions in a manner representing a progression beyond the current one and reflecting their highest possible ambition, and to publish their mid-century long-term low greenhouse gas emissions development strategies by 2020 in the context of sustainable development;
——尽快批准并执行《蒙特利尔议定书》的基加利修正案，认识到基加利修正案可在本世纪末防止高达0.4摄氏度的升温，提高空调和其他冷却设备能效的协调努力将带来额外的环境效益，包括减排、公共卫生和粮食安全，并采取行动提高全球制冷行业的能效；
– Ratify, as soon as possible, and implement the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, recognizing that the Kigali Amendment could prevent up to 0.4c of warming by the end of century, and that coordinated efforts to improve the energy efficiency of air conditioners and other cooling equipment will have additional environmental benefits, including the reduction of emissions, public health and food security, and undertake action to improve energy efficiency in the cooling sector globally;
——重视、养护、恢复和明智利用生物多样性，鼓励所有行为体和利益攸关方参与，并支持制定和实施兼具雄心和实际的2020年后全球生物多样性框架；
– Value, conserve, restore and wisely use biodiversity, to encourage the engagement of all actors and stakeholders and to support the development and implementation of an ambitious and realistic post-2020 global biodiversity framework;
——鼓励所有部门的行为者和利益攸关方对生物多样性保护做出具体和可确定的承诺和贡献，以激励和支持政府在《从沙姆沙伊赫到昆明——自然与人类行动议程》框架内采取行动，促进一个强有力的2020年后全球生物多样性框架；
– Encourage concrete and ascertainable commitments and contributions to biodiversity conservation from actors and stakeholders across all sectors to stimulate and support government action in the promotion of a robust post 2020 global biodiversity framework in the frame of the Sharm El-Sheikh to Kunming Action Agenda for Nature and People;
——联合力量筹备世界自然保护大会（2020年6月，马赛），以达成兼具雄心和实际的会议成果，为2020年后全球生物多样性框架的筹备工作提供信息；
– Join forces in the run-up to the IUCN World Conservation Congress (June 2020, Marseille) in order to conclude with ambitious and realistic outcomes to inform the preparation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework;
——促进最高级别的政治领导人积极参与以“生态文明：共建地球命运共同体”为主题的《联合国生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会，倡导生物多样性，以实现到2050年与自然和谐相处的愿景，并在爱知生物多样性目标和从执行《2011－2020年生物多样性战略计划》中吸取的经验教训的基础上，制定和通过一个兼具雄心和实际的2020年后全球生物多样性框架，该框架应符合2030年可持续发展议程，并解决导致生物多样性丧失的主要因素；
– Promote active engagement of political leaders at the highest level in advocacy for biodiversity at CBD COP15 with the theme : “Ecological Civilization-Building a Shared Future for All Life on Earth”, in order to realize the vision of living in harmony with nature by 2050 and to define and adopt an ambitious and realistic post-2020 global biodiversity framework building on the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and the lessons learned from the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and addressing main drivers of loss of biodiversity;
——共同努力确定里程碑，通过不断增加地球保护面积，特别是对生物多样性和生态系统服务重点区域，到2030年扭转生物多样性丧失的曲线；
– Work together to define milestones in order to bend the curve of biodiversity loss by 2030, by protecting an ever-growing part of the planet, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services;
——利用由中国共同牵头的基于自然的解决方案联盟，利用基于自然的解决方案协调一致地解决生物多样性丧失、减缓和适应气候变化以及土地和生态系统退化问题。认识到基于自然的解决方案，包括通过支持重要的生态系统服务、生物多样性、获得淡水、改善生计、健康饮食和可持续粮食系统的粮食安全，是实现《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《巴黎协定》目标以及实现可持续发展目标的全球共同努力的重要组成部分；
– Capitalize on the Nature-Based Solutions Coalition co-lead by China and leverage Nature-Based Solutions to coherently address biodiversity loss, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, and land and ecosystems degradation. Recognize that Nature-Based Solutions an essential component of the overall global effort to achieve the goals of the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement and to reach the SDGs by supporting vital ecosystem services, biodiversity, access to fresh water, improved livelihood, healthy diets and food security from sustainable food systems;
——承诺从联合国生态系统恢复十年（2021－2030）的角度出发，采取适当和富有雄心的行动，遏止和扭转陆地和海洋生态系统退化和生物多样性的丧失，恢复至少30%可恢复的退化生态系统，从而为减缓和适应气候变化、保护生物多样性、防治荒漠化和土地退化以及粮食安全做出贡献；
– Commit, in the perspective of the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 2021-2030, to take appropriate and ambitious actions to halt and reverse the degradation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems and biodiversity loss, and restoring at least 30 per cent of degraded ecosystems that are restorable thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation, protection of biodiversity, combatting desertification and land degradation, and food security;
——打击环境犯罪，特别是走私和贩运濒危动植物种及其制成品，以及固体废物的非法跨境转移，禁止上述物品的非法出入境；
– Fight environmental crime, in particular smuggling and trafficking of endangered species of flora and fauna and derived products, as well as illegal transboundary movements of solid waste, by banning the illegal entry and exit of these objects across borders;
——保护所有重要的生态系统，包括山、水、林、草等生物多样性热点，并考虑它们在应对和抗击气候变化方面的作用，降低我们各自的森林足迹，特别是农业和林业的影响；
– Protect all important ecosystems, including mountain, aquatic, forest, grassland, as biodiversity hotspots, and also considering their role in addressing and tackling climate change, and lower our respective footprint on forests, especially the impact of agriculture and forestry;
——动员所有国家根据《联合国海洋法公约》制定一项具有法律约束力的国际文书，以养护和可持续利用国家管辖海域外生物多样性；
– Mobilize all States towards an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention or the Law of the Sea for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (“BBNJ”);
——应对海洋垃圾问题，特别是海洋塑料垃圾和海洋微塑料，并迅速采取适当的国家行动，防止和显著减少塑料垃圾和微塑料向海洋的排放；
– Address marine litter, especially marine plastic litter and microplastics and to swiftly take appropriate national actions for the prevention and significant reduction of discharges of plastic litter and microplastics to the oceans;
——促进海洋生态系统的养护和恢复；
– Promote the conservation and restoration of marine ecosystem;
——根据《南极海洋生物资源养护公约》促进南极海洋生物资源的养护，并继续就包括设立南极海洋保护区在内的南极海洋生物多样性的养护和可持续利用问题进行讨论，包括在那里建立海洋保护区；
– Promote the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources in accordance with the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, and continue discussions on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in the Antarctic, including by establishing a marine protected area there;
——履行发达国家到2020年每年提供和筹集1000亿美元用于气候融资的承诺，并到2025年设定一个新的、以每年1000亿美元为最低限额的集体量化目标，同时考虑发展中国家的需求和优先事项。在这方面，绿色气候基金发挥着关键作用，是为在发展中国家开展低碳和韧性投资调动更多财政资源的工具之一；
– Fulfill the commitments by developed countries to provide and mobilize US$100 billion each year for climate finance by 2020 and to set a new collective quantified goal from a floor of US$100 billion per year by 2025, taking into account the needs and priorities of developing countries. In this regard, the Green Climate Fund plays a key role as one of the tools to mobilize more financial resources towards low-carbon and resilient investments in developing countries;
——敦促公共、国内和国际发展金融机构及其合作网络，如国际发展金融俱乐部（IDFC），根据《联合国气候变化框架公约》、《巴黎协定》和《联合国生物多样性公约》的目标，考虑其融资对气候和生物多样性的积极和消极影响；
– Urge public, domestic and international development finance institutions, and their collaborative networks, such as the International Development Finance Club (IDFC), to consider both the positive and negative impacts on climate and biodiversity related to their financing, in line with the UNFCCC, the Paris Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity objectives;
——在国家和国际层面，从所有公共和私人来源调动额外资源，用于适应和减缓气候变化，使资金流动符合实现温室气体低排放和气候韧性发展的路径，并用于生物多样性的养护和可持续利用、海洋养护、土地退化等；确保国际融资，特别是在基础设施领域的融资，与可持续发展目标和《巴黎协定》相符。
– Mobilize additional resources from all sources, both public and private, at the domestic and at the international level, towards both climate adaptation and mitigation; make finance flows consistent with pathways towards low greenhouse emissions and climate-resilient development, as well as for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, the conservation of oceans, land degradation amongst others; ensure that international financing, particularly in the infrastructure field, is compatible with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris climate agreement.
