三、共享发展深入人心，人民生活不断改善
III. The principle of shared development has taken root in the hearts of the people, while living standards have constantly improved.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
衡量经济发展，不仅要看经济总量、增长速度，还要看给老百姓增加了多少获得感。我们在推动经济发展的同时，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，从解决群众最关心最直接最现实的利益问题入手，通过积极扩大就业，做好就业服务，多措并举增加居民收入，稳定市场价格，实施污染防治，人民群众得到较多实惠，获得感、幸福感、安全感不断提升。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
In assessing economic development, we should not only look at size and growth rate, but also understand to what extent it gives ordinary people a sense of fulfillment. At the same time as promoting economic development, China has also upheld the principle of people-centered development, which begins with resolving the problems of most dire, direct, and practical concern to the people. We have actively expanded employment and provided employment services, adopted a combination of measures to increase personal incomes, stabilized market prices, and carried out pollution prevention and control, which has all brought more benefits to the people and constantly bolstered their sense of gain, happiness, and security.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
就业基本盘保持稳定。今年以来，就业优先政策持续发力，高校毕业生、农民工、退役军人等重点人群就业创业工作扎实推进，对在调整优化产业结构过程中采取有效措施不裁员、少裁员企业给予稳岗补贴，拿出1000亿元失业保险基金结余实施职业技能提升行动，大规模开展职业技能培训，确保了就业大局稳定。上半年，全国城镇新增就业737万人，完成全年目标任务的67%。全国城镇调查失业率和31个大城市城镇调查失业率均稳定在5%左右，低于5.5%左右的预期目标。就业是民生之本，就业稳，收入稳，民心稳，有利于消费增长和经济增长，也为社会大局和谐稳定创造了良好条件。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
1. Employment remained basically stable.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8373.html
This year, we have persevered in implementing the employment-first policy, and made concrete efforts to boost employment and business startups for key groups such as university graduates, rural migrant workers, and demobilized military personnel. Throughout the process of adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, we provided stable employment subsidies for enterprises that took effective measures to avoid or minimize layoffs. We also allocated 100 billion yuan from the surplus in unemployment insurance funds to implement a vocational skill building initiative, and carried out large-scale vocational skill training, thereby ensuring overall stability in employment. In the first half of this year, 7.37 million urban jobs were created across the country, already reaching 67% of the annual target. The survey-based urban unemployment rate both nationally and across 31 major cities remained stable at around 5%, lower than the projected target of 5.5%. Employment is the foundation of public wellbeing; stability in employment, personal income, and public morale is conducive to the growth of consumption and the economy, and creates favorable conditions for overall social harmony and stability.
居民收入实现同步增长。就业规模持续扩大，民生投入不断增加，个人所得税专项附加扣除落实，支撑居民收入较快增长。上半年，全国居民人均可支配收入同比名义增长8.8%，扣除价格因素，实际增长6.5%，比GDP增速快0.2个百分点，实现了居民收入增长与GDP增长基本同步，为居民生活改善提供了收入保障。就业形势稳定保证了居民工资性收入增长，全国居民人均工资性收入同比名义增长8.7%。农业生产形势较好、大规模减税降费为城乡居民经营净收入增长提供了有利条件，全国居民人均经营净收入同比名义增长8.9%，比上年同期加快1.9个百分点。与此同时，产业扶贫、教育扶贫、就业扶贫等成效持续显现。贫困人口相对较多的西藏、青海、贵州农村居民人均可支配收入同比分别名义增长12.5%、10.4%和10.3%，增速均快于全国农村居民。
2. Personal incomes grew in tandem with the economy.
Constantly expanding employment, continuously investing in public wellbeing, and implementing special additional deductions for individual income tax have all served to increase personal incomes. In the first half of this year, the national per capita disposable income increased 8.8% year-on-year in nominal terms, or 6.5% in real terms after adjusting for inflation, thus exceeding the GDP growth rate by 0.2 percentage points. We achieved basically simultaneous personal income and GDP growth, providing income security and thus improving people’s lives. Stable employment guaranteed the increase of salary-based personal incomes, and national per capita salary-based incomes saw a year-on-year increase of 8.7% in nominal terms. Positive conditions in agricultural production and large-scale tax and fee cuts provided favorable terms for the growth of net operating incomes of urban and rural residents, leading to a year-on-year increase of 8.9% in national per capita net operating incomes in nominal terms, or a year-on-year increase of 1.9 percentage points. Meanwhile, we continued to see results in poverty alleviation through the development of industry, education, and employment. The per capita disposable incomes of rural residents in areas with a relatively large poor population, such as Tibet, Qinghai, and Guizhou, increased by 12.5%, 10.4%, and 10.3% year-on-year respectively in nominal terms, exceeding the national rural growth rate.
市场价格温和上涨。市场供给总体充裕，供求形势基本稳定。上半年，居民消费价格同比上涨2.2%，低于3%左右的预期目标；扣除食品和能源的核心CPI上涨1.8%。工业制成品市场供给充足，价格涨幅较低或下降。鞋类价格同比上涨1.1%，家用器具、交通工具价格分别下降0.2%和1.7%。服务市场供给稳步增加，服务消费满足程度提高。服务价格同比上涨2.0%，其中通信服务价格下降1.2%。受鲜果、猪肉价格上涨影响，食品价格涨幅有所扩大，但多数食品供给较为充足，价格涨幅不高。粮食价格同比上涨0.5%，水产品价格下降1.1%。
3. Market prices rose moderately.
Market supply was abundant overall, and supply and demand were basically in balance. In the first half of this year, the consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2.2% year-on-year, lower than the projected 3% increase, while core CPI (excluding food and energy prices) rose 1.8%. Market supply of manufactured goods was plentiful, with prices in this category either showing weak growth or in decline. The price of shoes increased by 1.1% year-on-year, while household appliance and vehicle prices decreased by 0.2% and 1.7% respectively. Market supply of services steadily increased, and service consumption rose to meet consumer demand. Service prices increased by 2% year-on-year, while communications services saw a price drop of 1.2%. Food prices increased more rapidly due to the rising prices of fresh fruit and pork, although most foods only saw moderate price increases as supply was adequate. Grain prices rose by 0.5% year-on-year, while the prices of aquatic products decreased by 1.1%.
生态环境持续改善。污染防治七大标志性战役全面打响，《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》逐步落实，水污染防治法执法检查、净土保卫战持续推进，人民群众享受到更多的蓝天白云、绿水青山。上半年，全国337个地级及以上城市空气质量平均优良天数比例为80.1%，同比提高0.4个百分点；PM2.5浓度为40微克/立方米，下降2.4%；空气质量达标城市个数达142个，同比增加20个；1940个国家地表水评价断面中，水质优良（Ⅰ—Ⅲ类）断面比例同比上升4.4个百分点。
4. There was continued improvement of the environment.
We launched seven key campaigns in pollution prevention and control, gradually implemented the Three-year Action Plan for Keeping Our Skies Blue, continued to promote enforcement inspection of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, and continued the fight to clean up our soil, so that our people may enjoy blue skies, clear waters, and lush mountains. In the first half of this year, the average proportion of days with good air quality in 337 cities at or above the prefecture level was 80.1%, up 0.4 percentage points year-on-year; PM2.5 concentration was 40 micrograms per cubic meter, down by 2.4%; there were 142 cities that met the required air quality standard, a year-on-year increase of 20; the proportion of the 1,940 surface water body sections under the national monitoring program that met good water quality standards (Grade I-III) was 4.4 percentage points higher year-on-year.
