四、专有词汇
IV. About COVID-19文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
1．不明原因肺炎文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
不明原因肺炎，是中国卫生部门为及时发现和处理SARS、人禽流感以及其他传染性肺炎提出的一种医学概念。不明原因肺炎送检需满足四个标准：发热（腋下体温≥38℃)；具有肺炎的影像学特征；发病早期白细胞总数降低或正常，或淋巴细胞分类计数减少；经规范抗菌药物治疗3～5天，病情无明显改善或呈进行性加重。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
2019年12月以来，武汉出现多例不明原因病毒性肺炎病例。12月31日，武汉市卫健委发布通报称，武汉“不明原因肺炎”病例的临床表现主要为发热，少数病人呼吸困难，胸片呈双肺浸润性病灶，收治患者最早发病时间为2019年12月8日。2020年1月7日，该不明原因肺炎病毒病原体被确定为“新型冠状病毒”。疫情发生后，武汉市迅速采取严厉防控措施，包括病例搜索、隔离、指定医院收治、对密切接触者进行医学观察、应急监测等，并果断实施“早诊断、早隔离、早报告和早治疗”的收治方案。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
1. Pneumonia of Unknown Cause文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8975.html
Pneumonia of unknown cause is a medical term coined by the Chinese health authorities for timely detection and treatment of SARS, human avian influenza and other infectious pneumonia. Patients of pneumonia of unknown cause have the following clinical signs and symptoms: fever (axillary temperature is 38 degrees centigrade or higher), imaging features of pneumonia, decreasing or normal leukocyte count or decreasing lymphocyte count in the early stage of the disease, and no significant improvement or even progressive aggravation after standard anti-microbial treatment for three to five days.
In December 2019, more than one case of viral pneumonia of unknown cause was reported in Wuhan. On December 31, Wuhan Municipal Health Commission announced that the clinical pictures of recent cases of “pneumonia of unknown cause” were mainly fever, and a small number of patients had breathing difficulties and infiltration in both lungs. The earliest onset of the disease was on December 8, 2019. On January 7, 2020, the pathogen of this pneumonia virus was identified as “novel coronavirus.”
After the outbreak of the epidemic, Wuhan quickly took strict prevention and control measures, including case finding, isolation, admission to designated hospitals, medical observation of close contacts, and emergency monitoring. The principle of “early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment” was also resolutely implemented.
2．病毒检测实验
快速准确地检测到病毒是防控的关键。2019年12月31日，国家卫生健康委高级别专家组赴武汉开展相关检测核实工作，初步确定此次不明原因病毒性肺炎病例的病原体为新型冠状病毒。
国家卫健委随即在全国建立“日报告、零报告”制度，同时下发新冠病毒核酸检测试剂盒，要求各地加强检测，全力救治患者，及时发布确诊病例及疫情防控信息。核酸检测是目前诊断新冠病毒肺炎的主要依据。1月22日，国家卫健委明确指出，核酸检测结果阴性不能排除新冠病毒感染，仍需要考虑可能产生假阴性的各种因素。为遏制疫情发展，国家卫健委向全国各省派出工作组，指导做好疫情防控相关工作。与此同时，中国政府主动向世界卫生组织和有关国家及时通报疫情信息和防控工作进展，第一时间与世界卫生组织共享新冠病毒基因序列。
2. Viral Infection Test
Rapid and accurate detection of the virus is the key to epidemic prevention and control. On December 31, 2019, the High-level Expert Group of the NHC was dispatched to Wuhan, who soon identified that the pathogen of this particular viral pneumonia case was a novel coronavirus.
The NHC immediately established a “daily report and zero report” mechanism throughout the country, and distributed novel coronavirus nucleic acid testing kits, requiring all localities to reinforce testing, make every effort to treat patients, and update the public about the confirmed cases and progress in epidemic prevention and control without delay. At that time, nucleic acid detection was the main basis for the diagnosis of the novel coronavirus pneumonia.
On January 22, the NHC announced that negative nucleic acid test results cannot rule out novel coronavirus infection, and various factors that may falsely produce negative results still need to be considered.
The NHC also sent work teams to different provinces and equivalent administrative regions to guide epidemic prevention and control efforts.
Meanwhile, the Chinese government took the initiative to inform the WHO and relevant countries of the developments of the epidemic and progress in epidemic control, and immediately shared the gene sequence of the novel coronavirus with the WHO.
3．新冠病毒成功分离
病毒毒株的分离有助于加快研发快速诊断的试剂，对疫苗研制和药物研发具有重要意义。武汉出现不明原因肺炎病例后，中国政府迅速部署开展病毒分析、检测试剂研发和疫苗研制等工作。
中国疾控中心在接到标本后，3小时获得实时荧光定量检测阳性的检测结果，24小时获得病毒全长基因组序列，2020年1月4日成功研制出高特异性检测试剂，1月7日晚分别从临床样本和环境样本中成功分离病毒，1月24日全球首发第一株新冠病毒毒株信息。之后，钟南山团队从新冠肺炎患者的粪便及尿液标本中分离出新冠病毒，此举对公共卫生安全防控具有重要警示和指导意义。2月24日，中国—世界卫生组织新冠肺炎联合专家考察组召开新闻发布会，称目前新冠病毒宿主仍未确定，强调新冠病毒是一种新的病原体，各年龄段人群均无免疫力，普遍容易感染。
3. Successful Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus
The isolation of virus strains helps to speed up the development of rapid diagnostic reagents, which is of great significance for the development of vaccines and drugs. After cases of pneumonia by unknown cause occurred in Wuhan, the Chinese government quickly deployed the work of virus analysis, research and development of testing reagents and vaccine development.
After receiving the samples, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention obtained positive results of real-time fluorescence RPA in 3 hours and full-length genomic sequence of the virus in 24 hours. On January 4, 2020, a high specific detection reagent was successfully developed. On the evening of January 7, a novel coronavirus was successfully isolated from clinical samples and environmental samples, and the information about the first novel coronavirus strain in the world was released on January 24. After that, Zhong Nanshan’s team separated novel coronavirus from the feces and urine samples of confirmed patients, which has an important warning and guiding significance for public health security.
The WHO-China Joint Mission on COVID-19 held a press conference on February 24, and announced that the host of the novel coronavirus has not yet been determined, the novel coronavirus is a new pathogen, and people of all ages have no immunity and are generally susceptible to infection.
4．启动Ⅰ级响应
根据突发公共卫生事件性质、危害程度、涉及范围，突发公共卫生事件划分为特别重大(Ⅰ级)、重大(Ⅱ级)、较大(Ⅲ级)和一般(Ⅳ级)四级。这次新冠肺炎疫情是新中国成立以来在我国发生的传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的一次突发公共卫生事件。
疫情就是命令，防控就是责任。自2020年1月23日起，武汉城市公交、地铁、轮渡、长途客运暂停运营，机场、火车站离汉通道暂时关闭。1月24日，湖北省正式启动重大突发公共卫生事件Ⅰ级响应。全国先后共有31个省、市、自治区启动“重大突发公共卫生事件Ⅰ级响应”，全面备战新冠肺炎疫情联防联控工作。在Ⅰ级响应发出后，国家卫生健康委要求各地交通运输、民航、铁路等部门制定应急处理预案；财政部与国家卫健委联合制定疫情防控经费有关保障政策。随着疫情防控工作取得阶段性成效，全国疫情形势出现积极向好的趋势。按照“防控生产两不误”的要求，全国多地根据实际情况适当调整应急响应级别。
4. First-Level Public Health Emergency Response Activated
According to the nature, severity and scope of impact, public health emergencies are classified into four levels (I, II, III and IV), with severity decreasing from Level I to Level IV. The novel coronavirus epidemic is a public health emergency with the fastest spread and the widest range of infections, and has been the most difficult to prevent and control in China since the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949.
“Go where there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes.” On January 23, 2020, Wuhan’s urban bus, subway, ferry and long-distance passenger transportation was all suspended, and the departure channels of airport and railway stations were also temporarily closed.
On January 24, Hubei province officially launched the first-level response to major public health emergency. Across China, a total of 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government took similar actions and made comprehensive preparation for joint prevention and control of the epidemic.
Consequently, the NHC urged transportation, civil aviation, railway and other departments to formulate emergency response plans. It also worked with the Ministry of Finance and jointly devised policies on allocating funds in support of epidemic prevention and control. As phased results are achieved, the overall situation of the epidemic has shown a positive trend in China. To ensure progress with both epidemic control and production, many places have appropriately lowered their emergency response levels according to the local situation.
5．病死率
病死率是指在一定时期内，因患某种疾病死亡的人或动物数量占患病人或动物总数的比例，用于描述某种特定疾病的严重程度。2020年2月4日，国家卫生健康委宣布，截至2月3日晚24时，新冠肺炎全国病死率控制在2.1%，病死率低于SARS（全球病死率近11%），高于甲流（1%～1.5%）。2月24日晚，中国—世界卫生组织新冠肺炎联合专家考察组在新闻发布会上表示，新冠肺炎的轻症、重症、危重三类患者分别在80%、13%和6%左右，全国病死率约在3%～4%之间，除武汉之外，全国病死率为0.7%；截至2月20日，新冠肺炎确诊病例平均年龄为51岁，80%的病例年龄在30岁至69岁之间，78%的病例来自于湖北。
随着中医药、磷酸氯喹、恢复期血浆治疗纳入诊疗方案，法匹拉韦、瑞德西韦等药物进入临床试验阶段，新冠肺炎治疗不断取得多项进展。科技部副部长徐南平表示，目前正在多路线部署疫苗研发，部分已进入动物试验阶段，最快将于4月下旬申报临床试验。
5. Case Fatality Rate
The case fatality rate refers to the proportion of people or animals who die from a disease to the total number of patients or animals suffering the disease within a certain period of time, which is used to describe the severity of a particular disease.
On February 4, the NHC announced that by 24:00 of February 3, the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in China had been controlled at 2.1%, which was lower than that of SARS (with a global case fatality rate of 11%) and higher than that of H1N1 (1%-1.5%).
On the evening of February 24, the WHO-China Joint Mission on COVID-19 announced at its news conference that, approximately 80% of laboratory confirmed patients had mild to moderate diseases, 13.8% had severe disease and 6.1% were critical, and the case fatality rate in China was 3% to 4%, 0.7% with the exception of Wuhan; and as of February 20, the median age of confirmed cases was 51, with 80% of cases aged between 30-69 years, and 78% were from Hubei.
With traditional Chinese medicine, chloroquine phosphate, convalescent plasma therapy adopted into the diagnosis and treatment guidelines, and with Favipiravir, Remdesivir and other drugs heading into the phase of clinical research, sustainable progress has been made in the treatment of COVID-19. Xu Nanping, vice minister of science and technology, said that the vaccine is currently being developed in multiple approaches, some of which have entered animal testing phases and will be submitted for clinical trials as early as late April.
6．世界卫生组织专家组赴武汉考察
2020年1月20日至21日，世界卫生组织首次派出专家组赴武汉实地考察，就病毒传染性、重症病例和传染源等问题同中方进行交流，确认疫情传播途径出现人传人以及医务人员感染。世界卫生组织赞赏中国主动通报疫情信息和分享病毒基因序列，肯定中国政府在短时间内采取的各项有力有效举措，称道中国快速研究和识别新的病毒种类，认可中国近年来在医学研究能力方面的进展。
2月16日起，中国—世界卫生组织新冠肺炎联合专家考察组在北京、广东和四川三地进行考察。专家组集聚全球多个机构的流行病学、病毒学、临床管理、疫情控制和公共卫生等领域权威人士。2月22日，联合专家组赴武汉继续考察，并与中国流行病学专家合作，调查病毒源头，确认病毒是否已经停止从动物向人类传播。
6. Field Visits of WHO Experts to Wuhan
From January 20 to 21, the WHO sent a team of experts to Wuhan to investigate the outbreak and communicate with their Chinese counterparts about virus infectivity, severe cases and infection source. The WHO experts confirmed human-to-human transmission of the epidemic and infection among medical personnel.
WHO appreciated China’s initiative to report epidemic information and share the genetic sequence of the virus, approved the strong and effective measures taken by the Chinese government in a very short time, and praised China’s rapid research and identification of new types of viruses. It also recognized China’s progress in medical research in recent years.
On February 16, the WHO-China Joint Mission on COVID-19 began their field visits in Beijing, Guangdong and Sichuan. The team brought together authorities from a number of institutions around the world in the fields of epidemiology, virology, clinical management, epidemic control and public health. On February 22, the experts went to Wuhan to continue inspection. They worked with Chinese epidemiologists to investigate the source of the virus and try to confirm whether the virus had stopped spreading from animals to humans.
五、国际援助
V. International Aid
1．盖茨夫妇：用慈善拯救世界
1月27日，由比尔·盖茨及其夫人梅琳达共同成立的盖茨基金会，宣布提供500万美元紧急赠款，支持中国抗击疫情。随后，又承诺投入最高1亿美元赠款，用于支持世界卫生组织、中国相关机构以及其他国际和国家层面的相关机构，共同应对新冠病毒疫情，其中一部分用于直接帮助中国加快在药物、疫苗及诊断方法研发等方面的工作。比尔·盖茨专门致信习近平主席，赞赏中国政府和人民在抗击疫情中的表现，表示将坚定支持中国打赢抗疫阻击战。
习近平在2月20日给比尔·盖茨的回信中，感谢他和盖茨基金会对中国防控新冠肺炎疫情工作的支持，呼吁国际社会加强协调、共同抗击疫情。信中指出，人类是一个命运共同体，战胜关乎各国人民安危的疫病，团结合作是最有力的武器；盖茨基金会很早就加入全球抗击新冠肺炎疫情的行动，发挥了积极作用；支持盖茨基金会同中方有关机构的合作，也期待国际社会加强协调，为维护人类健康福祉一起努力。
1. Bill and Melinda Gates: Saving the World with Charity
On January 27, the Gates Foundation, co-founded by Bill Gates and his wife Melinda, committed $5 million in emergency funds to support China’s fight against the epidemic. Subsequently, the Foundation committed up to $100 million for the global response to the novel coronavirus. The donation will be used to assist the WHO, Chinese frontline responders and others at the global and national levels, part of it will be directed to help China accelerate the development of vaccines, drugs and diagnostics.
Bill Gates sent a special letter to President Xi Jinping, praising the performance of the Chinese government and people in fighting the virus, and expressing his firm support for China to defeat the epidemic.
In his reply to Bill Gates on February 20, Xi Jinping thanked him and the Gates Foundation for their support, and called for enhanced coordination and concerted efforts in the international community to combat the epidemic. Xi also mentioned that, mankind is a community with a shared future, and unity and cooperation is the most powerful weapon to prevail over a disease that threatens all; the Foundation has been quick in joining the global action and has played an active role in the global response against the outbreak; and he supports the Gates Foundation’s cooperation with relevant Chinese institutions, and looks forward to enhanced coordination and concerted efforts in the international community for the sake of health and well-being of all.
2．韩国：向12城市捐赠物资
2月11日，韩国首尔市政府向北京、重庆等12座城市提供1000套医用防护服、500个护目镜、90个医用防护面罩、30台便携式热成像摄像机等6亿韩元（约合人民币353万元）规模的援助物资，并表示还将视情提供民用口罩等物资，助力中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情。首尔市市长朴元淳专门录制支持视频，感谢北京市在首尔深陷中东呼吸综合征（MERS）疫情之际派遣特使团给予帮助，希望中国能够早日战胜当前困难，期待首尔市与中国友好城市在困境中相濡以沫，不断加深友谊。2月15日起，首尔市政府在市政厅广场等公共建筑、光化门等数个人流密集的地铁站，以及首尔市70多个有关机构的电梯内，滚动播放支持中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情的短视频。在民间，韩国外国语大学挂出“武汉加油、中国加油”的横幅，成均馆大学成均中国研究所捐赠300万韩元，并发出慰问信。据初步统计，韩国政府和民间捐款捐物已超过1.5亿元人民币。韩国总统文在寅表示，韩中互为友好邻邦，中国的困难就是我们的困难，韩国将不遗余力地提供支援和配合，与中国携手战“疫”、共克时艰，推动两国关系进一步发展。
中韩两国面对困难相互支持、相互帮助，反映了两国之间共同共通的文化底蕴、守望相助的友好传统，显示出携手构建人类命运共同体的邻里情、朋友义。
2. The ROK: Donating Goods to 12 Chinese Cities
On February 11, the Seoul Metropolitan Government of the Republic of Korea (ROK) donated 1,000 sets of medical protective suits, 500 goggles, 90 medical masks, 30 portable thermal imaging cameras and others, with a total value of 600 million won (about 3.53 million yuan), to 12 cities including Beijing and Chongqing. It also said that it would continue to provide masks for civilian use and other materials as appropriate to help China fight against the epidemic.
In a video message, Mayor of Seoul Park Won-soon expressed his thanks to Beijing for sending a special mission to help Seoul when the city was mired in the MERS epidemic. He hoped China could overcome the current difficulties as soon as possible, and looked forward to Seoul and its Chinese sister cities helping each other in the predicament and deepening friendship.
On February 15, the Seoul Metropolitan Government began broadcasting short videos supporting China’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic in public buildings such as the City Hall, Gwanghwamun and several other subway stations, as well as elevators of more than 70 relevant institutions. The civilians of Seoul also showed their support. Hankuk University of Foreign Studies put up a banner saying “Stay strong Wuhan, stay strong China.” Sungkyun Institute of China Studies of Sungkyunkwan University donated 3 million won (about 18,000 yuan) and sent a letter of sympathy.
According to preliminary statistics, the ROK government and private donations have exceeded 150 million yuan. President Moon Jae-in said that the ROK and China are friendly neighbors, and his country will take China’s difficulties as theirs. His country will spare no effort in assisting and coordinating with China to fight the epidemic together, and promote further development of bilateral relations.
The mutual support and assistance between China and the ROK in the face of difficulties reflects the two countries’ common cultural background and friendly tradition, and shows the affection of neighborhood and righteousness of friends which enable the two countries to work together to build a global community of shared future.
3．新加坡：拒绝歧视与仇华
新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，世界上许多国家以不同方式表达对中国抗击疫情的支持和帮助。但也有极少数国家媒体和个人出现不友善甚至辱华仇华言行，一些身在海外的中国公民和华人遭到挑衅和歧视。
2月1日，新加坡总理李显龙在新加坡宏茂桥德义区新春晚宴用中文致辞，主动回应歧视与仇华言行，表示新冠肺炎疫情是公共卫生事件，不是国家或种族的问题，排华行为愚昧且不合逻辑。他强调，中国正全力以赴避免疫情扩散，排华情绪对防疫工作无益，各国应与中国齐心协力，共同应对挑战。李显龙还特别称赞道，中国正尽全力、倾全力地控制疫情扩散，包括取消所有出境旅游团，安排专机把那些在海外的湖北人接回国，中国做的是负责任的事情。新加坡外长维文也表示，中方以高度负责任的态度和世所罕见的举措应对疫情，第一时间同国际社会分享信息，为新加坡等国应对疫情提供了宝贵帮助。
恐慌与排斥比病毒更可怕。新加坡政要高官公开表态对中国战胜疫情抱有坚定信心，及时向中国伸出援助之手，体现了中新两国在困难时刻互帮互助的优良传统，两国友谊在抗击疫情的斗争中得到了深化，两国合作必将在疫情过后得到新的拓展。
3. Singapore: Say NO to Discrimination and Sinophobia
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, many countries have in different ways expressed their support and assistance to China in fighting the epidemic. However, some media and individuals in a very small number of countries have used unfriendly and even humiliating words and acted in hatred toward China, and some overseas Chinese nationals have faced provocation and discrimination.
On February 1, Singapore’s Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong delivered a speech in Chinese at the Spring Festival Dinner in Ang Mo Kio. He addressed the recent bubbling of anti-China or anti-Chinese sentiment, saying that the COVID-19 epidemic is a public health event, not a matter of country or race, and the anti-Chinese sentiment is foolish and illogical.
He noted that China is doing its best to contain the virus, anti-China is not helpful to the fight against the outbreak, and all countries must work together to defeat the epidemic. In particular, Lee Hsien Loong praised that China has imposed its own travel restrictions, including canceling all outbound tour groups and bringing back Hubei residents from overseas, and what China is doing is responsible.
Vivian Balakrishnan, foreign minister of Singapore, also said that China has responded to the epidemic with a highly responsible approach and measures rarely seen around the world, sharing information with the international community immediately after the outbreak and providing valuable help to Singapore and other countries in dealing with the epidemic.
Panic and repulsion are worse than the virus. Senior Singaporean officials have publicly expressed their firm confidence in China’s victory over the epidemic and extended a helping hand to China. This has reflected the tradition of China and Singapore helping each other in difficult times, and their friendship has been deepened in the battle against the virus. Cooperation between the two countries will certainly get a new expansion after the epidemic.
六、人物案例
VI. Brave Fighters
1．张继先：疫情上报“第一人”
张继先，湖北省中西医结合医院呼吸与重症医学科主任，在非典疫情防治期间曾担任武汉市江汉区专家组成员。她以超强的专业意识，最早判断并坚持上报新冠肺炎疫情，在中国率先拉响了疫情防控警报。
2019年12月27日，张继先发现接诊的病人中有一家三口肺部CT检查结果显示肺部表现相同，在给患者做了各项流感相关检查结果呈阴性后，她立即向医院做了情况汇报，并由医院上报给江汉区疾控中心。随后两天，医院门诊又收治了3名症状和肺部表现一致的患者，张继先再次上报给医院，由此成为此次新冠肺炎疫情上报的“第一人”。
新冠肺炎疫情防控期间，作为呼吸内科主任，张继先负责危重患者救治，工作量非常大。她每天七点半到医院，查房了解病情，制定诊疗方案，经常忙到晚上十点以后。由于发现及时、准备充分，张继先所在科室做到了无一例医护人员感染和无一例患者交叉感染。2020年2月4日，湖北省人力资源和社会保障厅、湖北省卫生健康委员会决定给予在疫情防控期间表现突出的张继先记大功奖励。
1. Zhang Jixian: The First Doctor to Report Novel Coronavirus
Zhang Jixian is director of the Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine. She was a member of the Expert Group of Jianghan District of Wuhan during the SARS outbreak in 2003. With an extremely acute professional awareness, Zhang was the first person to make the correct diagnosis and insist on reporting the epidemic to the higher authorities. She was the first to sound the alarm for the prevention of the virus.
On December 27, 2019, Zhang Jixian was surprised to find that three of her patients – the parents and the son – had similar CT images of their lungs. As the results of various influenza-related tests on these three patients were all negative, she immediately alerted the hospital chief to this situation, who forwarded her report to the Jianghan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention. In the following two days, the hospital received another three patients with similar symptoms and lung photos, and Zhang reported this to the hospital again, thus becoming the first doctor to report the COVID-19 epidemic.
During the COVID-19 outbreak, Zhang was responsible for the treatment of critically ill patients with a very heavy workload. She arrived at the hospital at 7:30 every morning, knowing that a hectic schedule awaited her to make the rounds of the wards and formulate diagnosis and treatment schemes. She was often heavily occupied until after 10 o’clock at night.
Due to her timely discovery and adequate preparation, no medical staff in Zhang’s department has been infected with the virus and no cross-infection has occurred among her patients. Zhang was awarded a merit for her outstanding performance in the fight against the epidemic on February 4 by the Human Resources and Social Security Department and the Health Committee of Hubei Province.
2．朱国超：至亲感染却冲在战“疫”最前线
朱国超，武汉市第六医院重症医学科主任。2020年1月25日，武汉市第六医院被指定为发热定点医院，先后收治近600位重症患者，其中12位收治在ICU的危重病人不仅年纪大，而且患有各种基础病。作为重症医学科主任，朱国超每天查房、抢救、治疗，超负荷工作12小时以上。一些危重病人吃不下饭时，她冒着被感染的风险，亲自为他们插上鼻胃管，做肠胃营养支持。
在此期间，她的婆婆、公公和丈夫先后不同程度感染新冠病毒，但她只能趁午间空隙，到呼吸病区照顾家人。1月30日晚，她77岁的婆婆因抢救无效离开人世，而朱国超忍着悲痛，仍然坚守在抗击新冠肺炎疫情第一线。2月3日，已经一个月没有离开工作岗位的她迎来一个好消息——丈夫治愈出院，她特地向医院请了3个小时的假去接丈夫出院。在医院门口，她对丈夫说：“在这儿合张影吧，纪念你重生！”
2. Zhu Guochao: Battling on the Front Line As Her Family Members Infected
Zhu Guochao is director of the Intensive Care Unit of Wuhan Sixth Hospital. On January 25, her hospital was designated for febrile patients. It has received nearly 600 COVID-19 patients with severe conditions, and the 12 cases in the ICU are aged with underlying conditions. As the ICU director, Zhu was heavily overloaded and worked more than 12 hours a day. As some critically ill patients could not eat, she braved the risk of getting infected, and inserted nasogastric tubes for them to provide necessary nutrition.
During that period, her mother-in-law, father-in-law and husband were successively infected with the virus and were received by her hospital. But she could only manage to look after them for a while at lunchtime. Her 77-year-old mother-in-law died from the disease on January 30. Zhu endured grief and remained on the forefront.
On February 3, after working on her post for a month, Zhu received the good news that her husband was cured and about to be discharged. She specially asked for three hours’ leave to pick up her husband. At the gate of the hospital, she said, “Let’s take a picture here to commemorate your rebirth!”
3．英雄机长刘传健：主动请缨运送医护人员和相关物资
刘传健，四川航空公司飞行训练管理部副总经理，曾任重庆分公司飞行分部责任机长，是电影《中国机长》的主人公原型，被誉为“英雄机长”“中国版萨利机长”。2018年5月14日，四川航空3U8633次航班在由重庆飞往拉萨途中，突然发生驾驶舱风挡玻璃爆裂脱落的紧急状况。在机舱失压、气温骤降的情况下，机长刘传健和机组成员临危不乱，成功迫降成都，确保了119名旅客的生命安全，创造了国际民航客运史上的奇迹。
2020年2月2日，四川第三批援助湖北医疗队120余名医护人员和相关物资飞赴武汉。刘传健主动申请执飞此次任务，他说“这既是一次正常飞行，也是一次艰巨任务，我们一定不辱使命，安全归来。”2月9日，四川省第六批援助湖北医疗队伍出征，刘传健再度执飞运送航班。
3. Liu Chuanjian: The Hero Pilot Volunteering to Fly the Relief Mission
Liu Chuanjian is deputy general manager of the Flight Training and Management Department of Sichuan Airlines. He was once command pilot of the Chongqing Branch. He is called “hero pilot” and “China’s Captain Sully,” and his story has been turned into a moving movie “The Chinese Pilot.”
On May 14, 2018, while he was piloting Flight 3U8633 from Chongqing to Lhasa, the right front windshield of the cockpit suddenly cracked. In spite of an extremely low temperature, lack of oxygen, strong wind and deafening noise, Liu and his crew manually operated the aircraft and made an emergency landing in Chengdu, ensuring the safety of all 119 passengers on board and creating a miracle in the history of civil aviation.
On February 2, 2020, Sichuan dispatched 120 medical workers to assist Hubei. Liu Chuanjian had applied to fly the mission, “This is a normal flight, and an arduous task. We will live up to our mission and return safely.” He flew the mission again on February 9 and successfully transported the sixth batch of Sichuan’s medical personnel to Hubei.
4．武汉快递小哥汪勇：组织志愿者接送医护人员
汪勇，一名生长于武汉的80后快递员。受新冠肺炎疫情影响，许多快递公司在春节期间暂停服务。2020年1月24日晚，在家照顾女儿的汪勇看到了一名武汉金银潭医院的护士发布在微信朋友圈的信息，得知由于车辆限行、公交车和地铁停运，很多医护人员下夜班后无法回家，遂决定义务接送医护人员上下班。第一天，汪勇服务了十几名武汉金银潭医院的医护人员后，感到一个人力量有限，于是开始在朋友圈发布消息招募志愿者，并建立医护服务群，共同解决医护人员出行问题。此外，他还联系了多家为医护人员免费提供盒饭的餐厅与企业。
疫情期间，在汪勇的帮助下，1000多名医护人员解决了出行和就餐问题。他说：“我是一个没有资源的人，一路走来，特别感谢参与的志愿者和企业的帮助。大家都在努力，我只是一个组织的人。”
4. Wang Yong: A Courier Volunteer
Wang Yong is a native courier of Wuhan born in the 1980s. Affected by the epidemic, many express delivery companies suspended their services during the Spring Festival. On the evening of January 24, Wang read a message posted on WeChat by a nurse at Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan. Learning that due to traffic restrictions and the suspension of buses and subways, many medical workers could not go home after the night shift, Wang volunteered to take them to and from work.
On the first day, he offered help to more than a dozen medical staff of Jinyintan Hospital. But he felt one person’s strength was still small, so he posted messages on WeChat looking for more volunteers to help solve the travel problems of medical workers. He also contacted a couple of restaurants and food producers and helped them deliver free box lunches to health care workers.
Wang has helped more than 1,000 medical workers with their commuting and dining problems. “I have no resources. I am grateful to other volunteers and businesses that have offered help. Everyone is working hard. I am just one of them,” he said.
5．袁传伟：一个人扛起整条生产线
袁传伟，江苏省苏州市一家精密器械有限公司生产负责人。2020年1月26日，在老家江苏盐城过春节的他，接到了一份为武汉生产消毒设备零部件的紧急订单。合作伙伴告诉他，由于疫情严重，湖北急需过氧化氢消毒器为医院消毒。
1月27日，袁传伟紧急联系相关部门办理复工手续，然而却面临着没有工人的问题，很多回家过年的工人在老家自我隔离，不被允许外出。当晚，他开始24小时吃住在工厂，一天只休息两个小时。通常情况下，做完这一批200套的订单，需要5名员工协同合作15天，而袁传伟一个人用了16天时间完成了这批订单。他生产的零部件，经由合作伙伴组装成过氧化氢消毒器成品，发往湖北抗疫一线，可以说，袁传伟凭借一己之力扛起了整条生产线。
随着工厂陆续复工，材料短缺问题得到解决，袁传伟接手了更多零部件生产任务，他说：“辛苦总比疫情夺去人的生命要好。”
5. Yuan Chuanwei: A One-Man Production Line
Yuan Chuanwei is in charge of production in a precision equipment company located in Suzhou, Jiangsu province. On January 26, while staying in his hometown of Yancheng for the Spring Festival, Yuan received an urgent order from Wuhan for the parts of hydrogen peroxide sterilization equipment. He was told that due to the serious epidemic, Hubei’s hospitals desperately needed hydrogen peroxide disinfectors.
Yuan immediately contacted relevant authorities and completed the procedures for resuming production. Then he found he was the only worker at the factory. Others had all returned home for family reunion and were currently required to quarantine at home, which meant they could not return to work.
From the night of January 27 on, Yuan lived and worked non-stop in the workshop, only taking a nap on the sofa when tired. Normally it would take five employees to complete 200 sets in 15 days, but Yuan alone fulfilled the order in 16 days. The parts he produced were soon assembled into hydrogen peroxide sterilization equipment by his partner and sent to the frontline of Hubei. Single-handedly, Yuan ran the whole production line all by himself.
As more factories successively resumed production and the shortage of materials was solved, Yuan received more orders. “The work is tiring, but the pain is way better than that of the epidemic,” he said.
6．汶川村民：自发支援武汉100吨蔬菜
2008年汶川地震后，汶川县百余名伤者被送至武汉接受免费救治。在医护人员精心照料下，所有伤者无死亡、无感染、无后遗症。
新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，武汉的情况也牵动着汶川同胞的心。2020年2月4日，汶川县三龙镇龙竹村村支书赵勇带领11位村民，驾驶6辆卡车，经过36小时的长途跋涉到达武汉。卡车上载满了村民自发捐赠给武汉9家医院和外省医疗队驻地的100吨新鲜蔬菜，每一辆运送蔬菜的卡车上，都挂着“汶川感恩您，武汉要雄起”的横幅。
在采购蔬菜时，很多村民慷慨地说：“随便摘、不要钱，帮我带到武汉就行。”而武汉的相关工作人员，也主动为运送蔬菜的12名村民发放防护用具、给车辆消毒，最大程度保障他们的安全。
6. Wenchuan Quake Survivors: Donating 100 Tons of Vegetables in Return
After the earthquake in 2008, more than 100 injured people in Wenchuan county of Sichuan were sent to Wuhan for free treatment. Thanks to the care of medical workers, the injured quake survivors were all cured, with no mortality, no infection and no after-effects.
After the outbreak of the epidemic, the people in Wenchuan have been greatly concerned about the situation in Wuhan. On February 4, Zhao Yong, CPC branch secretary of Longzhu village, and 11 villagers drove 36 hours and arrived in Wuhan. The six trucks of theirs were fully loaded with 100 tons of fresh vegetables, which were donated by their villagers to nine hospitals in Wuhan and the medical teams coming from other parts of the country to help the city. On the trucks hung banners bearing slogans saying, “Love from Wenchuan, Stay strong Wuhan.”
When the villagers went to purchase the vegetables, the growers said generously, “Pick whatever you want, free of charge, just bring them to Wuhan for me.” In return for their generosity, the people in Wuhan presented protective equipment to the villagers and disinfected the trucks for their safety.
