三、2020年国民经济和社会发展计划的主要任务
III. Major Tasks for Economic and Social Development in 2020 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
2020年，要按照党中央、国务院决策部署，统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展，着力做好九方面工作。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
In 2020, we will act on the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for coordinating epidemic containment with economic and social development, and focus our work on the following nine areas:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
（一）继续巩固和拓展疫情防控阶段性成效，坚决做好疫情常态化防控。全面落实“外防输入、内防反弹”的总体防控策略，及时采取有针对性和实效性的防控措施，继续抓紧抓实抓细各项防控工作。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
1. Consolidating and expanding initial progress in epidemic containment and ensuring regular prevention and control efforts 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9339.html
In line with the overall strategy of preventing both the importation of cases and a possible domestic resurgence, we will implement targeted and effective measures in all aspects of epidemic containment in a timely, solid, and meticulous manner.
一是坚决巩固国内防控成果。健全及时发现、快速处置、精准管控、有效救治的常态化防控机制，完善并及时启动相关防控预案，科学防范，堵住漏洞。全面筑牢社区防控网底，加强信息化、智能化防控能力。继续全力做好疑似和确诊患者的救治工作，继续做好康复患者、隔离群众和抗疫一线医务人员的心理疏导。加快推进疫苗研发。
1) We will consolidate progress in prevention and control work throughout the country.
We will improve the regular containment mechanism to ensure timely detection, rapid response, targeted management, and effective treatment. We will refine and launch relevant contingency plans in a timely manner and take science-based prevention measures to close loopholes. We will comprehensively consolidate community-based networks for epidemic control, while at the same time strengthening IT-based smart prevention and control capabilities. We will continue to do everything we can in treating suspected and confirmed patients, and provide psychological counseling for recovered patients, people under quarantine, and front-line medical workers. We will also step up vaccine research and development.
二是加强和完善外防输入举措。继续加强对境外我国公民的关心关爱。坚决守住守好口岸城市防线，优化医疗资源和救治力量布局，支持边境地区公共卫生设施建设，加强检疫检测能力建设，快速精准识别和管控风险源风险点。加强集中隔离人员安全服务保障，做好健康监测和人文关怀。
2) We will strengthen and improve measures to prevent imported cases.
We will continue to increase support and care for overseas Chinese citizens. The line of epidemic defense will be held firmly in point-of-entry cities, and medical resources and health workers will be better allocated. We will support border areas in building public health facilities and enhancing their testing and quarantine capabilities, so that risk points and risk sources can be rapidly and accurately identified and controlled. We will improve services to ensure the safety of those quarantined at designated facilities, monitoring their health and providing necessary counseling.
三是深入推进疫情防控国际合作。同世界卫生组织深化交流合作，探索建立区域公共卫生应急联络机制，继续向有关国家和地区提供力所能及的帮助，推进健康丝绸之路建设，以多种方式为国际防疫合作贡献力量。严把防疫物资出口质量关。加强科研攻关国际合作，争取在特效药物研发和疫苗研制等方面尽早取得突破。
3) We will promote international cooperation to combat covid-19.
We will deepen exchanges and cooperation with the WHO, explore the establishment of a regional liaison mechanism for public health emergencies, continue to provide assistance within our capacity to relevant countries, advance the Healthy Silk Road initiative, and contribute to international cooperation on fighting covid-19 in multiple ways. We will ensure the quality of exported epidemic prevention supplies. We will also strengthen international cooperation on research and development in order to achieve breakthroughs in the development of effective covid-19 remedies and vaccines as early as possible.
（二）坚决打好三大攻坚战，确保如期完成各项目标任务。确保脱贫攻坚任务如期全面完成，确保实现污染防治攻坚战阶段性目标，确保不发生系统性金融风险。
2. Achieving progress in the three critical battles and ensuring that all tasks are accomplished on schedule
We will ensure that poverty alleviation is accomplished on schedule, the objectives for pollution prevention and control for the present stage are attained, and systemic financial risks are forestalled.
一是决战决胜脱贫攻坚。落实好中央统筹、省负总责、市县抓落实的工作机制，继续聚焦“三区三州”等深度贫困地区，对未摘帽贫困县和贫困村实施挂牌督战，确保现行标准下农村贫困人口全部脱贫、贫困县全部摘帽。加大就业扶贫力度，优先组织贫困劳动力返岗务工。加快脱贫攻坚项目开工复工进度，鼓励企业更多招用贫困地区特别是建档立卡贫困家庭人员，支持扶贫龙头企业、扶贫车间吸纳当地就业。深入开展消费扶贫，组织好产销对接，解决疫情等造成的贫困地区农产品卖难问题。加大产业扶贫力度，用好产业帮扶资金和扶贫小额信贷政策，允许地方今年酌情调整优化财政专项扶贫资金政策，加大产业扶贫项目奖补力度。加快易地扶贫搬迁、农村饮水安全脱贫攻坚“扫尾”工程开复工和建设，确保上半年基本完成所有扫尾工作，细化落实易地扶贫搬迁后续扶持措施，补齐大型安置区配套教育、医疗设施等领域的短板。加强贫困地区公共服务基础设施建设。深入推进教育扶贫攻坚，巩固深化控辍保学工作成果。持续推进农村危房改造，完成贫困户住房安全有保障的目标任务。扩大以工代赈建设领域、实施范围和受益对象。做好因疫致贫返贫人口的帮扶，确保基本生活不受影响。对没有劳动能力的特殊贫困人口要强化社会保障兜底，实现应保尽保。深化定点扶贫。支持革命老区脱贫攻坚和振兴发展。继续执行对摘帽县的主要扶持政策。研究建立解决相对贫困的长效机制。
1) We will secure a decisive victory over poverty.
By fully implementing the working mechanism whereby the central government is responsible for overall planning, provincial-level governments assume principal responsibility, and city and county governments are responsible for program implementation, we will continue to focus on poverty alleviation efforts in deeply impoverished areas such as the three regions and three prefectures, list all counties and villages which have not yet eliminated poverty in order to oversee their poverty-alleviation efforts, and ensure that rural residents living below the current poverty line are lifted out of poverty and the poor counties are removed from the poverty list.
In alleviating poverty through boosting employment, we will give priority to helping impoverished workers return to their posts; ensure that poverty-reduction programs restart quickly; encourage enterprises to recruit employees from poor areas, particularly from the registered poor families; and support poverty-reduction workshops and leading enterprises in creating job opportunities for local people.
We will further promote consumption as a means of poverty alleviation, ensure better linkage between production and sales, and address the difficulties some impoverished areas have in selling their agricultural products due to the epidemic.
In reducing poverty through developing local industries, we will make good use of assistance funds and microfinance, allow local governments to make appropriate adjustments and improvements to poverty-alleviation funds this year, and increase rewards and subsidies for related programs.
We will work quickly to reopen and press ahead with final-phase projects to relocate people from inhospitable areas and to ensure safe drinking water for poor rural populations, so that all of these projects are essentially completed in the first half of the year. We will set out detailed follow-up support measures for relocated families, and shore up weaknesses in education and medical care facilities in large resettlement areas. We will step up the development of public services infrastructure and promote education in poor areas, and consolidate and build on our achievements in reducing drop-out rates and ensuring attendance.
We will continue to carry out renovation of dilapidated rural houses so as to complete the task of ensuring safe housing for every poor household. We will carry out work-relief programs in more sectors and more areas for greater numbers of impoverished people.
We will provide assistance and support for those who have sunk back or fallen into poverty due to the epidemic outbreak and ensure that their basic living needs are covered. We will strengthen social security to better meet basic needs of those impoverished people who have no capacity to work and ensure that our social safety net covers all eligible residents.
We will strengthen poverty alleviation efforts in targeted impoverished areas. We will support old revolutionary base areas in reducing poverty and promoting revitalization and development. Major support policies will remain in place for counties that have recently been lifted out of poverty. We will conduct research on establishing a long-term mechanism for addressing relative poverty.
二是持续加强污染防治。坚持方向不变、力度不减，抓好源头防控，推动生态环境质量持续好转，加快构建现代环境治理体系。巩固蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战成果。有序推进北方地区冬季清洁取暖长效机制建设，扩大钢铁行业超低排放改造规模，加强柴油货车污染治理，加大铁路专用线建设力度，持续推进货运“公转铁”。地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比率确保完成“十三五”规划目标。进一步加强城镇污水处理、城市黑臭水体治理、渤海综合治理、农业农村污染治理、水源地保护，推动实施一批长江、黄河生态环境保护重大工程。扎实推进土壤污染防治，推进受污染耕地和污染地块安全利用。编制全国重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程专项建设规划，完善河长制湖长制，加快推动落实林长制，持续推动山水林田湖草系统治理，推进地下水超采综合治理。万元国内生产总值用水量下降1.2%。强化生态保护监管，推动健全生态保护红线监管标准体系和配套政策。健全生态补偿机制，起草生态保护补偿条例，推进生态综合补偿试点。深化国家生态文明试验区建设。积极应对全球气候变化，加快全国碳市场建设。发展绿色产业，发布绿色技术推广目录，支持园区环境污染第三方治理。加快补齐城镇污水垃圾处置和医疗废物、危险废物收集处理等环境基础设施短板。全面推进垃圾分类，研究治理快递包装污染及商品过度包装，提高城市生活垃圾无害化处理率。
2) We will continue to strengthen pollution prevention and control.
By maintaining the same direction and intensity of effort, we will address problems at the source, bring about sustained improvement in the environment, and speed up the establishment of a modern environmental governance system. We will consolidate our successes in the campaigns to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our land pollution-free. We will work to establish long-term mechanisms for clean winter heating in northern China in an orderly manner; upgrade more steel enterprises so that they meet the ultra-low emissions target; control pollution caused by diesel trucks; build more special-purpose railway lines; and continue to bring about a shift in freight transportation from highways to railways. These measures will ensure that the 13th Five-Year Plan target for the percentage of days with good or excellent air quality in cities at and above prefecture level is achieved.
We will take stronger steps to treat urban sewage, clean up black, malodorous water bodies in cities, improve the water environment in the Bohai Sea region through comprehensive measures, control pollution in agriculture and rural areas, protect water sources, and launch a number of major projects to protect the environment in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins.
We will make steady progress in soil pollution prevention and control, and work to ensure that cropland and other land plots that have been polluted are used safely.
We will draw up a national plan for undertaking major projects to protect and restore important ecosystems, refine the river chief and lake chief systems, move quickly to implement the forest chief system, continue our holistic approach to the conservation of mountain, river, lake, forest, farmland, and grassland ecosystems, and work to comprehensively address groundwater over-abstraction. Water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP will drop by 1.2%.
We will tighten oversight over ecological conservation, and work to improve the system of oversight standards for ecological red lines and supporting policies. We will improve mechanisms for ecological compensation, draft regulations regarding compensation for ecological conservation efforts, and carry out trials of comprehensive ecological compensation.
We will also step up development of national ecological conservation pilot zones.
We will proactively respond to global climate change, and speed up development of the national carbon market.
We will develop green industries, publish the Green Technology Catalog, and support third-party participation in pollution control in industrial parks.
We will step up efforts to shore up weaknesses in environmental infrastructure such as facilities for urban sewage and garbage treatment and for collection and disposal of medical waste and hazardous waste. We will promote waste sorting across the country, look into measures for controlling the pollution created by express delivery packaging and the problem of excessive packaging, and raise the percentage of urban household waste that is safely disposed of.
三是守住不发生系统性风险的底线。密切关注全球金融市场和大宗商品市场震荡可能带来的输入性风险，完善跨境资金流动的预警响应机制。跟踪监测杠杆率较高、盈利能力较弱的行业企业的流动性风险，防止资金链断裂引发连锁反应。继续有序处置高风险金融机构风险。积极维护债券市场稳定，加快健全市场化、法治化的债券违约处置机制，建立早识别、早预警、早发现、早处置风险防控体系。落实银行不良贷款核销政策，鼓励市场主体参与不良贷款处置。完善金融机构恢复与处置机制，支持银行多渠道补充资本。稳妥化解地方政府存量隐性债务。坚持“房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的”定位，稳步建立健全因城施策的促进房地产市场平稳健康发展的长效机制，着力稳地价、稳房价、稳预期。
3) We will ensure that no systemic risks arise.
We will keep a close eye on external uncertainties which might arise from the volatile global financial markets and commodity markets, and improve the mechanisms for early warning and response with regard to cross-border capital flow.
We will follow and monitor the liquidity risk of industries and enterprises with high leverage ratios and decreased profit-making ability in order to prevent breaks in the funding chains coalescing into chain reactions. We will continue to manage the risks associated with high-risk financial institutions in an orderly manner.
We will actively work to ensure the stability of the bond market, move quickly to refine market- and law-based mechanisms for handling bond defaults, and set up a risk prevention and control system that incorporates early detection, early warning, early discovery, and early handling of risks.
We will ensure implementation of policies for cancelling the non-performing loans of banks and encourage market entities to participate in the handling of non-performing loans. We will refine the recovery and resolution mechanism for financial institutions and support banks in replenishing capital through multiple channels. We will steadily defuse hidden debt risks of local governments.
In accordance with the principle that houses are for living in, not for speculation, we will move steadily to develop a sound, long-term mechanism to implement city-specific policies and promote steady and healthy development of real estate markets, while working hard to keep land prices, housing prices, and market expectations stable.
（三）坚定不移实施扩大内需战略，着力促进形成强大国内市场。聚焦疫情带来的冲击和影响，深入挖掘和激发国内市场供给与需求潜力，增强内需对经济增长的拉动力。
3. Adhering to the strategy of expanding domestic demand and fostering a strong domestic market
To address the influence and impact of the epidemic, we will tap into and stimulate both the supply and the demand potentials of the domestic market, and enhance the role of domestic demand as a driver of economic growth.
一是释放消费潜力。在防控措施到位前提下，有序推动各类商场、市场复市复业，促进线下消费加速回补。培育壮大线上消费，推进互联网和各类消费业态深度融合。促进教育、医疗、养老、家政、文旅、体育等服务消费线上线下融合发展，进一步支持依托互联网的外卖配送、网约车等新业态。发展大健康产业。扩大电商、快递进农村覆盖面，畅通工业品下乡、农产品进城渠道。加速5G网络建设和场景应用，完善新型基础设施布局，推动超高清视频、虚拟现实等新兴消费。积极扩大汽车消费，允许进口尾气排放实测结果达到国六标准的平行进口汽车。对京津冀等重点地区淘汰国三及以下排放标准柴油货车给予适当奖补。加大汽车、绿色智能家电等消费金融支持。鼓励有条件的地区实施家电以旧换新补贴政策。加快废旧家电回收体系建设。扩大智能产品、定制化产品和绿色产品供给，促进绿色消费发展。培育建设国际消费中心城市，因地制宜形成若干区域消费中心。积极发展“智慧商圈”，加快建设新型文旅商业消费聚集区。加快恢复乡村旅游和休闲农业。鼓励夜间经济发展。有序放宽低空空域限制，加快通用航空网络建设，推动通用航空发展。加强国家物流枢纽、国家骨干冷链物流基地和商品流通网络建设，推动冷链物流、智慧物流、国际物流、供应链发展。推进电子商务与快递物流协同发展。深入推进步行街改造提升。强化消费信用体系建设，大力整治伪劣商品、侵权仿冒等问题，加大农村商品流通市场秩序监管力度，健全消费维权法律制度和政策体系，营造安全放心消费环境。
1) We will unleash the potential of consumption.
While maintaining effective epidemic containment measures, we will promote the orderly resumption of business with regard to all kinds of stores and markets, and facilitate the speedy recovery of offline consumption.
We will foster and expand online consumption and promote closer integration between the internet and various modes of consumption.
We will promote integrated development of online and offline consumption in services such as education, healthcare, elderly care, domestic services, culture, tourism, and sports. Further support will be given to internet-based takeout and food delivery platforms, online ride-hailing, and other new types of business.
We will expand the coverage of e-commerce and express delivery services in rural areas, and facilitate the flow of industrial goods into rural areas and of agricultural products to the cities.
We will step up development of the 5G network and applications, improve the layout of new types of infrastructure, promote ultra-high definition video, virtual reality, and other forms of emerging consumption, and develop the wellness industry.
Efforts will be made to actively increase purchases of vehicles and the parallel import of vehicles will be allowed if their exhaust emissions are tested up to China VI standards. Rewards and subsidies will be provided as appropriate to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and other key areas to remove diesel trucks at and below China III emission standards from the roads. We will increase financial support for purchases of vehicles and environmentally friendly smart home appliances.
Subsidies for replacing old home appliances with new ones will be encouraged in localities where conditions allow. We will step up the building of a recycling system for old home appliances. We will expand the supply of smart, customized, and environmentally friendly products, and promote green consumption.
We will develop some cities into international consumption centers and create regional consumption centers based on local circumstances. We will actively develop smart business clusters and step up the building of new types of cultural and tourism consumption clusters. We will quickly reopen rural tourism and farm-based recreation, and encourage development of the nighttime economy.
Restrictions on low altitude airspace will be loosened in an orderly manner, and development of the general aviation network will be stepped up.
We will strengthen efforts to build national logistics hubs, national backbone cold-chain logistics bases, and commodity distribution networks, and promote the development of the supply chain and of cold-chain, smart, and international logistics. We will promote the coordinated development of e-commerce and express delivery services. We will also intensify efforts to renovate and upgrade pedestrian malls.
We will improve the consumer credibility system, work hard to address problems like substandard goods, counterfeiting, and infringements, intensify regulation of the commodity distribution market in rural areas, improve the legal framework and policy system for consumer rights protection, and thereby create a safe and reassuring consumption environment.
二是积极扩大有效投资。安排中央预算内投资6000亿元，比上年增加224亿元。全年安排地方政府专项债券3.75万亿元，比上年增加1.6万亿元。按照“资金跟着项目走”要求，安排好地方政府专项债券项目，集中支持有一定收益的基础设施和公共服务项目。加强公共卫生、生物安全、应急物资保障、物资和能源储备、物流设施、农林水利、城乡基础设施等领域补短板。出台推动新型基础设施建设的相关政策文件，推进5G、物联网、车联网、工业互联网、人工智能、一体化大数据中心等新型基础设施投资。做好城镇老旧小区改造，重点改造提升小区水电气路信等配套便民设施，有条件的加装电梯、配建停车设施。推动城市更新，加大城市停车场和充电设施、城乡污水垃圾处理设施、采煤沉陷区综合治理、独立工矿区和城区老工业区搬迁改造等建设力度。稳步推进棚户区改造。实施好“十三五”规划165项重大工程项目和国家重大区域战略重大项目。加大沿江高铁、沿海高铁项目建设力度。积极推动川藏铁路开工，加快重点城市群、都市圈城际和市域（郊）铁路规划建设。加快推进在建重大水利工程建设进度，新开工一批重大水利工程。加快推进枢纽机场新建、迁建和改扩建项目建设，有序推进支线机场和通用机场建设。加快推进国家高速公路、普通国省干线、农村公路和内河水运等项目建设。坚持“要素跟着项目走”，加强项目用地用海用能等要素保障，对重大投资项目开设绿色通道。继续加大金融支持，发挥政府资金的导向作用，规范创新政府和社会资本合作（PPP）模式，支持民间资本参与补短板和新型基础设施建设。稳妥推进基础设施领域不动产投资信托基金（REITs）试点，充分调动包括民间投资在内的各类社会资本积极性，盘活存量资产。
2) We will increase effective investment.
A total of 600 billion yuan from the central government budget will be allocated for investment this year, 22.4 billion yuan more than last year. Issuance of local government special bonds will total 3.75 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.6 trillion yuan year on year. In line with the requirement that funding follows specific projects, we will make good use of projects funded by these special bonds, and give priority to supporting infrastructure and public service projects that will yield a certain degree of revenue.
We will shore up weaknesses in public health, biosecurity, emergency supplies, material and energy reserves, logistics facilities, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, and urban and rural infrastructure. We will introduce policies for supporting the construction of new types of infrastructure, and promote investment in new types of infrastructure including 5G, the Internet of Things, the Internet of Vehicles, the industrial internet, artificial intelligence, and the national big data center.
We will push forward the renovation of old residential communities in cities, with the focus on improving local amenities such as water, power, and gas supply networks, roads, and information services facilities, while adding elevators and parking facilities where conditions allow. We will carry out urban renewal, work harder to build car parks and install charging facilities in cities, improve sewage and waste treatment facilities in urban and rural areas, adopt comprehensive solutions in areas affected by mining-induced subsidence, and relocate or renovate independent industrial and mining areas and old industrial areas within cities. We will work steadily to rebuild run-down urban areas.
We will successfully conduct the 165 major projects set out in the 13th Five-Year Plan and key projects of major national strategies for regional development. Efforts will be redoubled in building high-speed railway lines along the Yangtze River and the coastline. Construction will begin on the Chengdu-Lhasa Railway, and the planning and construction of intercity and intra-city (suburban) railways for major city clusters and metropolitan areas will be sped up. We will accelerate major water conservancy projects that are already underway and start a number of new ones. We will step up projects for building, relocating, renovating, or expanding hub airports, and promote the development of regional airports and general-purpose airports in a well-planned way. We will press ahead with the construction of national expressways, ordinary national and provincial trunk highways, rural roads, and inland waterways.
In line with the requirement that factors of production follow specific projects, we will provide green channels for major projects by ensuring land use, sea use, and energy use for these projects. We will continue to increase financial support, give full play to the guiding role of government funds, and promote well-regulated and innovative application of the PPP model, thereby encouraging the participation of non-governmental capital in strengthening areas of weakness and in new types of infrastructure projects.
We will prudently carry out trials of real estate investment treatment trusts for infrastructure, and fully stimulate the enthusiasm of all type of non-governmental capital including private investment, thereby putting to use all idle assets.
三是着力稳定社会预期。完善疫情信息发布机制，继续做到依法、公开、透明、及时、准确。加大对传染病防治法的宣传教育，多层次、高密度发布权威信息，更好维护社会大局稳定。提高政策稳定性和可预期性，健全政策目标管理和重大决策公开机制，不断提高政策透明度。促进部门之间、中央与地方间的政策联动，加强对政策方向、目标、时序、边界的协调。进一步加强预期管理，创新宣传手段，做好信息发布和政策解读，及时回应社会关切，稳定市场主体信心。
3) We will strive to keep public expectations stable.
We will improve the mechanisms for the release of epidemic information, providing the public with information in an open, transparent, timely, and accurate fashion in accordance with law. We will increase public awareness and education about the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, and put out a high density of authoritative information across multiple levels, thereby more effectively ensuring overall social stability.
We will increase policy stability and predictability, improve policy target management and the mechanism for releasing major government decisions, and make our policies more transparent. We will promote policy coordination between departments and between central and local authorities, strengthening coordination in terms of the orientation, objectives, timing, and scope of policies.
We will further strengthen the management of expectations, adopt new approaches in policy communication, do an effective job with regard to information release and policy interpretations, respond promptly to public concerns, and boost the confidence of market entities.
（四）深入推进供给侧结构性改革，稳定提升产业链供应链水平。大力振兴实体经济，持续提升产业基础能力和产业链现代化水平，保持我国产业链供应链的稳定性和竞争力。
4. Pressing ahead with supply-side structural reform and steadily enhancing industrial chains and supply chains
We will revitalize the real economy, constantly enhance basic industrial capacities and modernize industrial chains, and maintain the stability and competitiveness of China’s industrial chains and supply chains.
一是加大对各类企业特别是中小微企业和个体工商户支持力度。简化各项助企纾困政策手续，政府涉企事项尽可能网上办理。加大中介服务收费清理整顿力度，坚决制止各种涉企违规收费。推动降低企业用能、用网、物流、房租等成本，将除高耗能以外的大工业和一般工商业电价降低5%政策延长到今年年底，宽带和专线平均资费降低15%。减免国有房产租金，鼓励各类业主减免或缓收房租。限期完成清偿政府机构、国有企业拖欠民营企业中小企业账款的任务。引导银行向实体经济让利，鼓励商业银行对受疫情冲击较大的地区企业和批发零售、住宿餐饮、物流运输、文化娱乐旅游和外贸等行业企业阶段性减免一定比例贷款利息。优化创业担保贷款贴息政策，提高小微企业信用贷款、续贷业务发放比例，加大首次贷款支持，大型商业银行普惠型小微企业贷款增速要高于40%。支持金融机构发行3000亿元小微金融债券以发放小微贷款。引导公司信用类债券净融资比上年多增1万亿元。促进小微企业全年应收账款融资8000亿元。鼓励资本市场加大对应对疫情科技型中小企业的融资支持。鼓励大企业运用获得的融资，以预付款形式向上下游中小微企业支付现金。出台支持制造业民营企业稳增长和转型升级的意见，鼓励地方以市场化手段对陷入困境的优质民营企业进行纾困救助。
1) We will increase support for businesses, in particular micro, small, and medium-sized businesses and self-employed individuals.
We will simplify procedures for all policy measures designed to help businesses, and handle matters related to enterprises online as far as possible. We will accelerate the review of intermediary service charges and rectify all kinds of irregular charges on enterprises.
We will work to lower energy, internet, logistics, and rental costs for enterprises. We will continue to reduce electricity prices for large industrial enterprises (with the exception of energy-intensive ones) and general industrial and commercial businesses by 5% and cut average charges for broadband and dedicated internet access services by 15% in the second half of the year.
The rental of state-owned real estate will be reduced, and owners of all other types of property will be encouraged to reduce or postpone the rental payment. The problem of defaults on payments to private enterprises and SMEs by government agencies and SOEs will be resolved within the set time frame.
To guide banks in benefitting the real economy, we will encourage commercial banks to grant interest relief for a certain period of time on loans to enterprises in areas badly hit by the epidemic as well as businesses engaged in the wholesale and retail trade, the hotel and restaurant trade, logistics and transportation, culture, entertainment, tourism, and foreign trade which have also suffered greatly.
We will refine the policy of subsidizing interest payments on guaranteed loans for business startups, increase the proportion of credit loans and the renewal of loans for micro and small businesses, increase support for first-time loan receivers, and increase inclusive finance lending by large commercial banks to micro and small businesses by more than 40%.
We will support financial institutions in issuing 300 billion yuan of financial bonds for granting micro and small business loans. The net corporate debt financing secured on trust will increase by 1 trillion yuan over last year, and micro and small businesses will realize 800 billion yuan of accounts receivable financing this year. We will encourage the capital market to increase financing support for sci-tech SMEs in fighting the epidemic. Major enterprises and leading enterprises will be encouraged to use available financing to make advance payments in cash to both upstream and downstream micro, small, and medium-sized businesses. We will issue guidelines on supporting private manufacturers in stabilizing growth and transforming and upgrading, and encourage local governments to help and support quality private enterprises in difficulties through market-based measures.
二是推动制造业高质量发展。加大制造业中长期贷款支持力度，重点支持高端装备制造、传统产业改造提升、电子信息制造等重点领域。实施好制造业核心竞争力提升工程，完善技术改造服务体系。实施智能制造工程，研究出台推进制造业智能化改造的指导意见。积极推进钢铁企业“推重组、促转型”，持续优化石化产业布局，继续实施人口密集区危化品生产企业搬迁改造。实施绿色制造工程。推广钢结构装配式建筑，推动智能制造与建筑工业化融合发展。支持老工业城市和资源型城市产业转型升级示范区建设。开展先进制造业集群培育试点示范。
2) We will promote high-quality development of the manufacturing sector.
More medium- and long-term loans will be provided to support manufacturing enterprises, with the focus on high-end equipment manufacturing, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and electronic and information manufacturing. We will effectively implement projects for enhancing core competitiveness in the manufacturing sector, and improve the service system for technological transformation. We will launch smart manufacturing projects and formulate guidelines on promoting the smart-technology upgrading of the manufacturing sector.
We will actively encourage the reorganization and transformation of steel enterprises, continue to optimize the layout of the petrochemical industry, and continue to help relocate and renovate hazardous chemical plants located in densely-populated districts.
We will also carry out the green manufacturing initiative. We will promote the use of steel understructures and prefabricated modules, and promote integrated development of smart manufacturing and industrialization of construction industry. Support will be given to demonstration areas for the transformation and upgrading of old industrial cities and resource-dependent cities. We will launch pilot and demonstration programs to foster advanced manufacturing clusters.
三是保产业链供应链稳定。着力完善和畅通物流运输网络，支持企业增加关键物料备货。实施产业基础再造工程。大力培育产业生态主导型企业，培育一批有国际竞争力的先进制造业集群，增强产业链的集聚效应。培育一批“专精特新”中小企业。研究开展供应链安全风险评估，优化生产力布局，增加应急储备，进一步增强供应链韧性和稳定性。深入实施工业互联网创新发展工程，打造工业互联网平台体系，强化工业互联网平台间标准对接。推动先进制造业和现代服务业融合发展，大力发展服务型制造。加快推动生产性服务业公共服务平台建设，发展研发设计、现代物流、检验检测认证等生产性服务业。
3) We will ensure stability in the industrial and supply chains.
We will ensure the smooth, improved operation of logistics and transportation networks, and support enterprises in increasing their stock of key materials.
We will implement projects for rebuilding industrial foundations. We will make great efforts to boost the development of those enterprises that have a leading position in their industries, cultivate a number of internationally competitive advanced manufacturing clusters, and give full play to role of industrials chains in concentrating industries. We will develop a group of SMEs that apply special, sophisticated techniques to produce unique and novel products.
Research will be conducted on carrying out supply chain risk assessment, optimizing productivity layout, and increasing emergency reserves in order to further enhance the resilience and stability of supply chains. We will push on with the project for the innovative development of the industrial internet, set up a system of industrial internet platforms, and enhance compatibility between different platforms.
We will promote integrated development of advanced manufacturing and the modern service industry, and vigorously develop service-oriented manufacturing. We will also step up the building of a public service platform for producer services, and boost producer services such as research, development, and design, modern logistics, and inspection, testing, and certification.
四是着力培育壮大新动能。深入推进国家战略性新兴产业集群发展工程，加强创新和公共服务综合体建设。创新战略性新兴产业金融产品和服务供给。深入推进“上云用数赋智”，实施数字化转型伙伴行动、中小企业数字化赋能专项行动和数字经济新业态培育行动，深入推进数字经济创新发展试验区建设，推动制造、商贸流通等经济社会重点领域数字化转型，发展数字商务，支撑建设数字供应链。深入实施国家大数据战略、“互联网+”行动，推动新型智慧城市建设，推进5G深度应用。大力发展生物经济，加强生物资源开发与利用，培育若干生物集聚发展高地。加快智能制造、无人配送、在线消费、医疗健康、机器人等新兴产业发展。支持商业航天发展，延伸航天产业链条，扩展通信、导航、遥感等卫星应用。制定国家氢能产业发展战略规划。支持新能源汽车、储能产业发展，推动智能汽车创新发展战略实施。加快深远海捕捞养殖装备创新发展，建设现代化海洋牧场。
4) We will strive to develop new drivers of economic growth.
We will press ahead with the projects to develop China’s strategic emerging industry clusters, and develop complexes of public services for innovation. Innovations will be made in providing financial products and services to strategic emerging industries.
We will press ahead with the cloud-based big data and artificial intelligence initiatives, the digital transformation partnership campaign, the SME digitalization campaign, and the initiatives for cultivating new forms of business in the digital economy. We will build pilot zones for innovative development of the digital economy, facilitate the digitalization of key sectors of the economy and society such as manufacturing and commodity distribution, develop digital e-commerce, and support the building of digital supply chains.
We will press ahead with the national big data strategy, the Internet Plus action plan, the development of new types of smart cities, and the in-depth application of 5G technology. We will vigorously develop the bio-economy, exploit and utilize biological resources effectively, and cultivate hubs of bio-industrial development. We will step up the development of smart manufacturing, unmanned delivery, online shopping, healthcare, robotics, and other emerging industries.
We will support the development of the commercial space industry, extend the space industry chain, and expand satellite applications in areas such as communications, navigation, and remote sensing. We will formulate a national strategic plan for developing the hydrogen power industry.
We will support the development of new-energy vehicles and the energy storage industry, and implement the strategy for the innovative development of intelligent vehicles. We will speed up the innovative development of open-sea and deep-sea fishery and aquaculture facilities, and develop modern marine ranching.
五是着力保障粮食安全和农副产品市场供应。深化农业供给侧结构性改革，压实粮食安全省长责任制、“菜篮子”市长负责制。编制新一轮国家粮食安全中长期规划纲要、新时期农业生产力布局与结构调整规划，制定落实全球疫情影响下确保我国粮食安全的应对方案，加快推动出台粮食安全保障法，深入推进优质粮食工程，继续实施大豆振兴计划，增加绿色优质粮油产品供给，促进农民增收、企业增效、消费者得实惠。扎实开展高标准农田建设，实施东北黑土地保护性耕作行动计划，实施现代种业和动植物保护能力提升工程，加强病虫害监测和防控。完善农机补贴政策。深入推进农村科技创新，加强农业科技人才培养，推动各类农业科研院所和高校联合协作加快培养高层次农业人才，强化粮食安全科技支撑。创新完善粮食“产购储加销”协同联动体系，加强粮食市场监测预警和监管，完善粮食储备安全管理体制，积极破解夏粮仓容紧张矛盾。抓好农业保险保费补贴政策落实。落实小麦、稻谷最低收购价政策，完善玉米、大豆市场化收购加补贴机制，落实棉花目标价格政策。持续抓好生猪生产，持续加强非洲猪瘟、高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫病监测和防控，促进畜牧水产养殖业提质发展，加快推进奶业振兴。实施农产品仓储保鲜冷链物流设施建设工程，支持农村电商发展。推进重要农产品进口多元布局，做好居民生活必需品保供调度，保障粮油肉蛋果蔬等重要农产品质量安全、稳定供应。
5) We will ensure food security and market supply of agricultural and sideline products.
We will deepen supply-side structural reform in the agricultural sector, and further implement the system whereby provincial governors are held responsible for food security and municipal mayors are held responsible for non-staple food supply.
We will draw up a new national medium- to long-term plan for ensuring food security and a plan for the distribution and structural adjustment of agricultural productivity in the new era. We will draft and carry out a response plan for ensuring China’s food security in spite of the effects of the global pandemic, accelerate the drafting of a law to ensure food security, expand the quality grain project, and continue to implement the initiative to boost soybean production. We will increase the supply of high-quality green grain and edible oil, and make sure farmers’ incomes are boosted, enterprises improve their performance, and consumers receive real benefits.
We will make solid progress in developing high-quality farmland, launch an initiative for conservation tillage on chernozem soils in northeast China, implement projects to upgrade the modern seed industry and protect animal and plant resources, and strengthen the monitoring, prevention, and control of crop diseases and pests. We will refine the policy regarding subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery.
We will advance rural scientific and technological innovation, step up the training of agricultural scientific and technological personnel, and promote cooperation and coordination between all types of agricultural research institutes and colleges in accelerating the training of high-level agricultural talent, thereby providing stronger scientific and technological support for food security.
We will adopt innovative methods to improve the system for coordinating grain production, purchase, storage, processing, and sales, and tighten up the monitoring, early warning, and regulation of the grain market, while improving the management of grain reserve security, and taking active measures to expand the capacity of grain silos for summer harvests.
We will ensure the implementation of the subsidy policy for agricultural insurance premiums. We will carry out the policies for setting minimum purchase prices for wheat and rice, refine the mechanism for combining market-based purchases with government subsidies for corn and soybeans, and implement the policy for guaranteeing base prices for cotton.
We will continue to boost hog production, and monitor, prevent, and control African swine fever, highly pathogenic avian influenza, and other major animal epidemics and diseases, promote higher-quality development of livestock and aquaculture farming, and accelerate the revitalization of the dairy industry.
We will launch projects to build storage and cold-chain logistics facilities for agricultural products, and support the development of e-commerce in rural areas. We will diversify imports of major agricultural products, ensure the supply and distribution of daily necessities, and guarantee the quality, safety, and stable supply of grain, edible oil, meat, eggs, fruits, vegetables, and other major agricultural products.
六是着力保障能源安全。稳步推进煤炭、石油、天然气和电力产供储销体系和石油储备基地建设，加强煤电油气运行调节。健全国内外供需形势发生重大变化的应对预案，确保供需总体平衡和市场平稳运行。继续做好油气勘探开发工作，加快推进油气矿业权区块竞争出让。加快油气管网和储备工程建设，健全油气管网运营机制，推动管网设施公平开放。着力推动煤电改造升级，积极稳妥发展水电，安全发展先进核电，保持风电光伏发电合理发展，推动非化石能源成为增量主体。健全可再生能源电力消纳利用长效机制，积极推进就地就近消纳新模式。有序建设跨省跨区输电通道，提升能源系统输送和调节能力。持续推进电力应急体系建设，提高快速响应能力。推动电力交易机构独立规范运行，建设全国统一电力市场，全面放开经营性电力用户发用电计划，推动增量配电改革试点落地见效。深化电网企业装备制造、设计施工等竞争性业务改革。
6) We will ensure energy security.
We will make steady progress in developing the production, supply, storage, and sales systems of coal, petroleum, natural gas, electricity, and petroleum reserve bases, and better regulate the operations of energy companies. We will improve our contingency plans in response to major changes in supply and demand at home and abroad, ensuring an overall balance of supply and demand and the stable operation of our markets.
We will continue to support petroleum and natural gas exploration and exploitation, and press ahead with competitive trading of mining rights for oil- and gas-bearing zones. We will pick up the pace in developing oil and gas transmission pipelines and reserves projects, improve pipeline operation mechanisms, and encourage the opening up of pipeline facilities to all eligible users.
We will push forward with the upgrading of coal-fired power plants, actively yet prudently develop hydropower, safely develop advanced nuclear power facilities, and maintain optimal development of wind and photovoltaic power, thus making non-fossil fuels the major contributor to energy consumption growth. We will refine the long-term mechanism to absorb electricity generated from renewable energy sources into power grids, and actively promote a new model for the absorption of electricity into local power grids.
We will build trans-provincial and trans-regional power transmission routes in an orderly manner, and enhance energy transmission and adaptation capacities. We will continue the construction of the electricity emergency response system, and enhance our ability to respond in a timely fashion.
We will support the independent and procedure-based operations of electricity trading agencies, build a national unified electricity market, lift restrictions on the generation and consumption of electricity by commercial consumers, and ensure effective implementation of trial reforms for raising the number of electricity distributors. We will deepen reform with regard to equipment manufacturing, designing, construction, and other competitive operations of power grid enterprises.
（五）坚定实施创新驱动发展战略，强化科技创新对经济发展支撑作用。充分发挥创新第一动力、人才第一资源作用，大力弘扬科学精神和工匠精神，营造劳动光荣的社会风尚和精益求精的敬业风气，加快建设创新型国家。
5. Staying committed to the innovation-driven development strategy and allowing technology and innovation to play a larger role in underpinning economic development
We will give full play to the role of innovation as the primary driver of development and the role of human resources as its primary resource, encourage the scientific spirit and the pursuit of fine workmanship, ensure that taking pride in one’s work becomes a social norm and seeking excellence is valued as a good work ethic, and step up efforts to turn China into a country of innovators.
一是加快关键核心技术攻关。构建社会主义市场经济条件下关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制。开展科技重大专项梯次接续有关工作，加快组织实施科技创新2030－重大项目。支持构建面向全行业国产化应用的基础支撑平台。健全鼓励支持基础研究、原始创新的体制机制，发展市场化的新型研发机构，鼓励企业等社会力量增加投入。加快提升企业技术创新能力，研究将国有企业技术创新情况纳入考核机制。加快推进首台（套）重大技术装备、紧缺新材料研制和关键共性技术平台建设。完善支持创新产品应用的政府采购政策。综合多学科力量开展科研攻关，加强新冠肺炎传染源、传播致病机理等研究，加大药品、疫苗研发力度和应急生产能力建设。夯实生物安全基础设施建设，统筹做好生物安全科技攻关工作。加快完善国家技术安全管理清单制度。
1) We will work faster to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields.
We will build a new type of system which, under the conditions of a socialist market economy, allows for the pooling of the nation’s resources in order to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields. We will facilitate the replacement and transitioning of major science and technology programs and speed up the implementation of major projects of the Sci-Tech Innovation 2030 Agenda.
We will support the development of basic platforms for promoting wholly domestic manufacturing in a particular industry. We will refine systems and mechanisms for encouraging and supporting basic research and original innovation, develop new types of market-based R&D institutions, and encourage enterprises and other non-governmental sectors to increase R&D spending.
We will work faster to help enterprises enhance their capacity for technological innovation, and work on including technological innovation in the assessment mechanisms of SOEs. We will step up efforts to build platforms for newly-developed major technological equipment, for R&D on new materials in short supply in China, and for key generic technologies. We will refine the policy for supporting the application of innovative products through government procurement.
We will pool resources across multiple disciplines to crack tough research problems, and intensify study of the infection sources and transmission and pathogenic mechanisms of covid-19, while redoubling our efforts in drug and vaccine R&D and enhancing our emergency production capacity.
We will take solid steps to develop bio-security infrastructure, and coordinate efforts to achieve technological breakthroughs in bio-security. We will work quickly to refine the national technological security management list.
二是加强创新能力建设。编制新一轮国家中长期科技发展规划和国家重大科技基础设施建设规划。加强基础研究和原始创新、颠覆性技术创新，加快组建国家实验室，重组国家重点实验室体系，加快建设跨学科、大协作、高强度的协同创新基础平台。推动科技创新中心和综合性国家科学中心建设，科学布局建设重大科技基础设施、科教基础设施和国家产业创新中心、工程研究中心、技术创新中心、制造业创新中心、供应链科创中心。实行重点项目攻关“揭榜挂帅”。改革科技成果转化机制，畅通创新链，营造鼓励创新宽容失败的科研环境。制定支持重大专项成果产业化配套政策，完善创新人才培养支持机制和政策，健全人才分类评价体系。提升国家自主创新示范区和高新区创新发展水平。
2) We will enhance our innovation capacity.
We will draw up plans for a new phase of national scientific and technological development over the medium and long term, as well as development plans for national major science and technology infrastructure.
We will strengthen basic research, original innovation, and innovation in disruptive technologies, accelerate construction of national laboratories and also restructure key national laboratories, and speed up the establishment of a basic platform for collaborative innovation in order to promote greater, more intensive interdisciplinary cooperation.
We will move forward with the construction of science and technology innovation centers and comprehensive national science centers, and carry out well-conceived planning for projects concerning key science and technology infrastructure and science and education infrastructure, as well as for national industrial innovation centers, engineering research centers, technology innovation centers, manufacturing innovation centers, and supply chain technology and innovation centers. We will introduce an open competition mechanism to select the best candidates to lead key research projects.
We will reform the mechanism for applying scientific and technological advances, ensure the smooth operation of innovation chains, and create an enabling environment for scientific research that encourages innovation and tolerates failure. We will formulate policies to support the industrial application of the results of major science and technology projects, and refine mechanisms and policies to support the development of innovative talent, and improve the category-specific human resource evaluation system. We will promote the innovation-driven development of national innovation demonstration areas and new- and high-tech development zones.
三是推进创新创业创造高质量发展。实施新一轮全面创新改革试验。建立健全以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研深度融合的技术创新体系，支持大中小企业和各类主体融通创新。新建一批双创示范基地，实施一批双创支撑平台项目。实施示范基地“校企行”专项行动。加快推进创业投资领域的体制机制改革。研究加大对孵化器、众创空间等创新创业服务机构的政策支持力度。加大对受疫情影响企业帮扶力度，扩大创业担保贷款对象范围，对优质项目免除反担保要求，加大对重点群体创业场地支持力度。
3) We will promote high-quality innovation, business startups, and manufacturing.
We will carry out a new round of pilot reforms for comprehensive innovation, and establish a technological innovation system in which enterprises are the main players, that is guided by the market and integrates the efforts of enterprises, universities, and research institutes. We will support integrated innovation efforts by businesses of all sizes and entities of all types.
We will set up a group of innovation and business startups demonstration centers and build a series of platforms to support innovation and business startups. Dedicated campaigns will be carried out to develop innovation and business startups demonstration centers in enterprises and colleges, while systemic and institutional reforms regarding venture capital will be pushed forward. Furthermore, we will increase policy support for innovation and business startups service organizations such as incubators and maker spaces.
We will increase assistance and support for enterprises which have suffered from the epidemic, increase the number of business startups eligible for guaranteed loans, relax counter-guarantee requirements for high-quality projects, and increase support for key groups in finding their niche when starting their businesses.
