六、积极践行国际劳工和人权标准
VI. Application of International Labor and Human Rights Standards文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9779.html
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新疆大力实施积极的劳动就业政策，依法保障各族群众的劳动权益，努力让广大劳动者实现体面劳动，创造美好生活，体现了国际社会的共同价值追求，为维护社会公平正义，促进人的全面发展做出了不懈努力。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9779.html
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Xinjiang implements a proactive employment policy, protects the lawful labor rights and interests of people of all ethnic groups, and strives to provide decent work and a better life for all. This embodies the common values that are championed by the international community, and contributes to safeguarding social fairness and justice and promoting the all-round development of humanity.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9779.html
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履行国际公约义务。中国是国际劳工组织创始成员国、常任理事国，批准了包括《男女工人同工同酬公约》《准予就业最低年龄公约》《禁止和立即行动消除最恶劣形式的童工劳动公约》《消除就业和职业歧视公约》4个核心公约在内的26个国际劳工公约，同时也是联合国《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》《儿童权利公约》《残疾人权利公约》《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约关于预防、禁止和惩治贩运人口特别是妇女和儿童行为的补充议定书》等国际条约的缔约国。中国积极吸收和转化国际劳工和人权标准，通过立法、政策制定及实施，切实保障劳动者各项权利，严格禁止使用童工，反对强迫劳动，反对就业歧视，反对职场性骚扰，深入开展整治和打击非法用工等专项行动，预防和惩治劳动领域各种违法犯罪行为。新疆各级政府切实履行劳动就业保障责任，促进不同地区、不同民族、不同发展水平的群众实现充分就业和更高质量就业，推动各民族共同发展进步，成为国际劳工和人权标准在欠发达民族地区的成功实践。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9779.html
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Fulfilling international convention obligations. China is a founding and permanent member state of the International Labour Organization (ILO). China has ratified 26 international labor conventions, including four of the ILO’s fundamental conventions – Equal Remuneration Convention, Minimum Age Convention, Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, and Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/9779.html
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China is also a signatory state to a host of UN conventions, including the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime.
China applies international labor and human rights standards in its legislation, policymaking and policy implementation, to effectively safeguard workers’ rights. China prohibits child labor, opposes forced labor, employment discrimination, and workplace sexual harassment, takes targeted actions to combat illegal employment, and prevents and punishes all kinds of violations and crimes concerning employment. In fulfilling their responsibilities to secure employment, local governments at all levels in Xinjiang promote full and high-quality employment for people in different areas, of different ethnic groups, and with different economic conditions, to achieve common development and progress among all ethnic groups. Xinjiang has thus become a successful example of practicing international labor and human rights standards in underdeveloped areas with large populations of ethnic minorities.
探索消除贫困路径。消除贫困是人类梦寐以求的理想，也是保障人权的重要内容。联合国2030年可持续发展议程把“在全世界消除一切形式的贫困”确定为可持续发展的首要目标，表达了国际社会对消除贫困的迫切期待。中国积极落实联合国议程，坚持全面小康是全体中国人民的小康，一个民族都不能掉队。新疆始终坚持以发展促人权，以教育培训、能力建设、劳动就业促脱贫，在有效预防和打击恐怖主义、极端主义的同时，实现社会稳定和民生改善，贫困人口大幅减少，贫困发生率显著下降。2013年至2019年底，新疆共有25个贫困县摘帽、3107个贫困村退出，贫困发生率由19.4%降至1.24%。2014年至2019年底，累计实现73.76万户、292.32万人脱贫，2020年底可实现全部脱贫。新疆探索出了破解反恐、去极端化与人权保障，脱贫与可持续发展等世界性难题的新路子。
Finding new approaches to eradicating poverty. Ending poverty has been a lasting goal of humanity and a major component of human rights protection. In the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, “ending poverty in all its forms everywhere” tops all other development goals, expressing a pressing demand by the international community to this end. In implementing the 2030 Agenda, China makes it clear that the goal of achieving moderate prosperity in all respects is for its entire people, and that not a single ethnic group is allowed to be lagged behind. Xinjiang protects human rights through development, and strives to eradicate poverty through education and training, capacity building and employment. It effectively prevents and strikes out at terrorism and extremism, and at the same time maintains social stability and improves people’s lives, with its impoverished population and poverty incidence markedly reduced. From 2013 to the end of 2019, Xinjiang wiped out poverty in 25 poor counties and 3,107 poor villages, and the poverty incidence dropped from 19.4 percent to 1.24 percent. From 2014 to the end of 2019, a total of 2.92 million people from 737,600 households shook off poverty. By the end of 2020, poverty will be completely eliminated in Xinjiang. Xinjiang has worked out a new approach to addressing some of the global challenges: protecting human rights while combating terrorism and extremism, and pursuing sustainable development while eliminating poverty.
响应体面劳动倡议。让所有劳动者体面劳动，进而实现人的全面发展，是国际劳工组织的重要倡议，也是尊重和保障人权的应有之义，反映了国际社会的共识和追求。中国政府始终坚持以人为本，积极响应国际劳工组织倡议，认真落实《中国体面劳动国别计划（2016－2020）》，将体面劳动理念融入国家政策和发展规划。新疆严格执行国家有关政策措施，着力在尊重劳动者意愿、保护劳动者权益、改善劳动环境和条件、体现劳动者价值上下功夫，保障各族劳动者在自由、平等、安全和有尊严的条件下工作，有力促进了广大劳动者体面就业。严格依据《中华人民共和国宪法》《中华人民共和国劳动法》《中华人民共和国就业促进法》等法律规定和要求，立足本地区实际，推出了一系列有力政策措施，千方百计帮助各族劳动者实现稳定就业。近年来，新疆城镇登记失业率保持在3.5%以下，最大限度保障了各族群众充分享有劳动权，为在更高层次和更广泛意义上实现生存权和发展权奠定了坚实基础。
Responding to the ILO’s Decent Work Agenda. The ILO has launched an agenda to promote decent work for all, aiming to achieve all-round human development. The agenda, which is integral to respecting and protecting human rights, embodies the consensus of the international community. The Chinese government always puts people first and has actively responded to the ILO’s agenda by implementing the Decent Work Country Program for China (2016-2020) and incorporating the concept of decent work into national policies and development plans. Xinjiang has put into practice relevant policy measures of the national government, focusing in particular on respecting workers’ choices, protecting their rights and interests, improving their workplace environment and working conditions, and recognizing their contributions. This ensures that people from all ethnic groups work in a decent environment with freedom, equality, safety, and dignity. Conforming to the Constitution, the Labor Law, and the Employment Promotion Law of the country, and respecting local conditions, Xinjiang has launched a package of effective policy measures to ensure stable employment for all residents. In recent years, Xinjiang’s registered urban unemployment rate has remained below 3.5 percent. This enables the local people enjoy the right to work to the greatest extent possible, and has laid a solid foundation for raising the human rights to life and development to a higher level across a broader sphere.
结束语
Conclusion
中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平强调，“就业是最大的民生”。国际劳工组织通过的《全球就业议程》提出，“就业是消除贫困的核心”。实现体面劳动，对保障劳动者生存发展、家庭和谐幸福、社会长治久安至关重要。新疆实施积极的劳动就业保障政策，有力维护了各族群众劳动就业基本权利，显著改善了各族群众的生产生活条件，极大满足了各族群众创造美好生活的愿望。
Chinese President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, has emphasized that employment is pivotal to people’s wellbeing. The Global Employment Agenda adopted by the ILO states that employment is central to poverty reduction. Having decent work is of vital importance to one’s survival and growth, a harmonious and happy family life, and the long-term stability of society. The proactive polices to ensure employment and job security adopted by the local government of Xinjiang have effectively protected all ethnic groups’ basic labor rights, greatly improved their living and working conditions, and fully satisfied their aspirations to create a better life.
一段时间以来，国际上一些势力出于意识形态偏见和反华需要，无视新疆为保障人权所做的巨大努力，搞人权双重标准。他们罔顾事实，颠倒黑白，肆意炒作所谓新疆“强迫劳动”问题，抹黑新疆的劳动就业保障工作，妄图剥夺新疆各族群众的劳动权，使其永远生活在自我隔绝、封闭落后的贫困状态，这是对新疆各族人民追求美好幸福生活的反动，理应遭到一切爱好正义进步的人们的坚决反对。
For years, certain international forces, guilty of ideological bias and prejudiced against China, have been applying double standards in Xinjiang, criticizing “breaches of human rights” while ignoring the tremendous efforts Xinjiang has made to protect human rights. They have fabricated facts to support their false claims of “forced labor” in Xinjiang, and smeared the local government’s work on employment and job security. Their acts amount to a denial of the fact that the local people in Xinjiang enjoy the right to work, aspire to move out of poverty and backwardness and are working towards that goal. Such groundless allegation would be strongly opposed by everyone who values justice and progress.
尊重和保障人权是中国的宪法原则，中国共产党和中国政府始终重视保障公民的劳动就业权利，坚决预防和消除任何形式的强迫劳动。新疆的劳动就业保障政策及其实践，符合中国宪法法律，符合国际劳工和人权标准，契合新疆各族人民过上美好生活的强烈愿望，惠民生，顺民意，得民心。
Respecting and protecting human rights are principles enshrined in the Constitution of China. The CPC and the Chinese government have always prioritized the protection of the citizens’ rights to work and employment; we have taken a resolute stance against forced labor and eradicated it in any form. Xinjiang’s policies and practices concerning employment and job security comply with China’s Constitution and relevant laws, conform to international labor and human rights standards, and support the will of all ethnic groups to live a better life. They have served to meet the people’s needs, improve their wellbeing, and win their support.
劳动改变生活，劳动创造幸福。展望未来，新疆将坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，坚持就业是民生之本的理念，继续实施就业优先战略和更加积极的就业政策，大力促进劳动就业，为实现更加充分、更高质量的就业，不断满足各族人民日益增长的美好生活需要而不懈努力。
Work helps to make a difference and create happiness. Looking forward, Xinjiang will continue its commitment to the people-centered philosophy of development, adhere to the principle that employment is of paramount importance to people’s wellbeing, implement the strategy of giving priority to employment, and introduce more proactive policies to boost employment. With tireless efforts it will strive to grow employment in volume and quality, to meet the growing expectation of all ethnic groups for a better life.
