2012年美国的人权纪录（中英对照白皮书2013）

中文版：2012年美国的人权纪录.doc

英文版：Human Rights Record of the United States in 2012.doc

2012年美国的人权纪录

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2012

 

中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室

State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China

 

2013年4月21日

April 21, 2013

 

目录

Contents

 

导言

Foreword

 

一、关于生命与人身安全

I. On Life and Personal Security

 

二、关于公民权利和政治权利

II. On Civil and Political Rights

 

三、关于经济和社会权利

III. On Economic and Social Rights

 

四、关于种族歧视

VI. On U.S. Violations of Human Rights against Other Nations

 

五、关于妇女和儿童权利

V. On the Rights of Women and Children

 

六、关于侵犯他国人权

VI. On U.S. Violations of Human Rights against Other Nations

 

导言

Foreword

 

以“人权卫士”自居的美国政府在刚刚发布的《2012年国别人权报告》中，又对包括中国在内的190多个国家的人权状况指手画脚、说三道四，而偏偏对其本国存在的人权问题避而不谈、只字未提。事实说明，美国存在着严重人权问题，并广受世人诟病。在这里，仅对2012年美国的人权问题做些实录，以便世人从中略窥美国人权状况之一斑。

 

The State Department of the United States recently released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, posing as “the world judge of human rights” again. As in previous years, the reports are full of carping and irresponsible remarks on the human rights situation in more than 190 countries and regions including China. However, the U.S. turned a blind eye to its own woeful human rights situation and never said a word about it. Facts show that there are serious human rights problems in the U.S. which incur extensive criticism in the world. The Human Rights Record of the U.S. in 2012 is hereby prepared to reveal the true human rights situation of the U.S. to people across the world by simply laying down some facts.

 

2012年美国存在的人权问题在以下几个方面使人印象深刻：

 

The human rights situation in the U.S. in 2012 has deeply impressed people in the following aspects:

　　

——美国持枪犯罪严重威胁公民的生命与人身安全。2012年，先后发生奥克兰校园枪击案、科罗拉多“世纪16”电影院枪击案和康涅狄格州校园枪击案，伤亡人数震惊世界。

 

-- Firearms-related crimes posed serious threat to the lives and personal security of citizens in the U.S. Some shootings left astonishing casualties, such as the school shooting in Oakland, the Century 16 theater shooting in Colorado and the school shooting in Connecticut.

　　

——美国选举不能充分体现全体公民的真正意志。政治献金在很大程度上影响了选举过程和政策走向。在2012年美国大选中，仅有57.5%的选民参加了投票。

 

-- In the U.S., elections could not fully embody the real will of its citizens. Political contributions had, to a great extent, influenced the electoral procedures and policy direction. During the 2012 presidential election, the voter turnout was only 57.5 percent.

　　

——美国政府进一步限制了公民和政治权利。不断扩大对个人通信的监听和审查范围。警察经常滥用职权，导致侵犯公民权利的投诉和指控不断上升。女性遭受家庭暴力和性侵犯比例持续增加。

 

-- In the U.S., citizens’ civil and political rights were further restricted by the government. The government expanded the scope of eavesdropping and censoring on personal telecommunications. The police often abused their power, resulting in increasing complaints and charges for infringement upon civil rights. The proportion of women in the U.S. who fell victims of domestic violence and sexual assault kept increasing.

　

——美国已成为发达国家中贫富悬殊最大的国家之一。2011年美国基尼系数为0.477，失业人数高达900万人；约有1640万儿童生活在贫困之中，公立学校报告的无家可归的儿童和青少年数量首次超过100万。

 

-- The U.S. has become one of the developed countries with the greatest income gap. In 2011, the Gini index was 0.477 in the U.S. and about 9 million people were registered as unemployed; About 16.4 million children lived in poverty and, for the first time in history, public schools reported more than one million homeless children and youth.

　　

——美国存在严重的性别歧视、种族歧视和宗教歧视。土著人面临严重的种族歧视，其贫困率是全国平均水平的两倍；美国一名导演拍摄并在网上播放的侮辱伊斯兰教先知的电影引发了全球穆斯林的抗议浪潮。

 

-- There was serious sex, racial and religious discrimination in the U.S. Indigenous people suffered serious racial discrimination and their poverty rate doubled the national average. A movie produced by a U.S. director and aired online was deemed insulting to the Prophet Mohammed, sparking protests by the Muslims worldwide.

　　

——美国严重侵害他国人权。2012年，美国在也门、阿富汗、巴基斯坦等国的军事行动造成无辜平民大量死亡；焚经辱尸，亵渎当地人民的宗教感情。美军在伊拉克战争中使用白磷弹和贫铀弹，使战后伊拉克婴儿出生缺陷率大幅上升。

 

-- The U.S. seriously infringed upon human rights of other nations. In 2012, U.S. military operations in Yemen, Afghanistan and Pakistan caused massive civilian casualties. U.S. soldiers had also severely blasphemed against local residents’ religion by burning copies of the Muslim holy book, the Koran, and insulting bodies of the dead. There was a huge rise in birth defects in Iraq since the war against Iraq with military actions in which American forces used metal contaminant-releasing white phosphorus shells and depleted uranium bombs.

　　

——美国未能有效参与国际人权合作。美国没有加入或批准《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》、《儿童权利公约》、《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》、《残疾人权利公约》等一系列联合国核心人权公约。

 

-- The U.S. was not able to effectively participate in international cooperation on human rights. To date, the U.S. remains a country which has not participated in or ratified a series of core UN conventions on human rights, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.